Mark L Rubinstein1, Michelle A Rait2, Judith J Prochaska3. 1. Division of Adolescent Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: RubinsteinM@peds.ucsf.edu. 2. Division of Adolescent Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: RaitM@peds.ucsf.edu. 3. Stanford Prevention Research Center at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address: Jpro@stanford.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Marijuana and tobacco are the substances used most commonly by adolescents and co-occurring use is common. Use of one substance may potentiate the addictive properties of the other. The current study examined the severity of nicotine addiction among teen smokers as a function of co-occurring marijuana use. METHODS: Participants were 165 adolescents (13-17 years old) who reported smoking at least 1 cigarette per day (CPD) in the past 30 days. General linear models examined the association of marijuana use with multiple measures of nicotine addiction including the Modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (mFTQ), Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC), ICD-10, and the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS). RESULTS: The adolescent sample (mean age=16.1 years, SD=0.95) averaged 3.0 CPD (SD=3.0) for 1.98 years (SD=1.5). Most (79.5%) also smoked marijuana in the past 30 days. In models controlling for age, daily smoking status, and years of tobacco smoking, frequency of marijuana use accounted for 25-44% of the variance for all four measures of adolescent nicotine dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Marijuana use was associated with greater reported nicotine addiction among adolescent smokers. The findings suggest a role of marijuana in potentiating nicotine addiction and underscore the need for treatments that address both smoked substances.
BACKGROUND:Marijuana and tobacco are the substances used most commonly by adolescents and co-occurring use is common. Use of one substance may potentiate the addictive properties of the other. The current study examined the severity of nicotine addiction among teen smokers as a function of co-occurring marijuana use. METHODS:Participants were 165 adolescents (13-17 years old) who reported smoking at least 1 cigarette per day (CPD) in the past 30 days. General linear models examined the association of marijuana use with multiple measures of nicotine addiction including the Modified Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (mFTQ), Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC), ICD-10, and the NicotineDependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS). RESULTS: The adolescent sample (mean age=16.1 years, SD=0.95) averaged 3.0 CPD (SD=3.0) for 1.98 years (SD=1.5). Most (79.5%) also smoked marijuana in the past 30 days. In models controlling for age, daily smoking status, and years of tobacco smoking, frequency of marijuana use accounted for 25-44% of the variance for all four measures of adolescent nicotine dependence. CONCLUSIONS:Marijuana use was associated with greater reported nicotine addiction among adolescent smokers. The findings suggest a role of marijuana in potentiating nicotine addiction and underscore the need for treatments that address both smoked substances.
Authors: David S Timberlake; Brett C Haberstick; Christian J Hopfer; Josh Bricker; Joseph T Sakai; Jeffrey M Lessem; John K Hewitt Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2006-12-14 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Joseph R DiFranza; Judith A Savageau; Kenneth Fletcher; Jennifer O'Loughlin; Lori Pbert; Judith K Ockene; Ann D McNeill; Jennifer Hazelton; Karen Friedman; Gretchen Dussault; Connie Wood; Robert J Wellman Journal: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med Date: 2007-07
Authors: Allison N Kristman-Valente; Karl G Hill; Marina Epstein; Rick Kosterman; Jennifer A Bailey; Christine M Steeger; Tiffany M Jones; Robert D Abbott; Renee M Johnson; Denise Walker; J David Hawkins Journal: Prev Sci Date: 2017-05
Authors: Rachel N Cassidy; Suzanne M Colby; Jennifer W Tidey; Kristina M Jackson; Patricia A Cioe; Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin; Dorothy Hatsukami Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2018-05-16 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Janet Audrain-McGovern; Matthew D Stone; Jessica Barrington-Trimis; Jennifer B Unger; Adam M Leventhal Journal: Pediatrics Date: 2018-08-06 Impact factor: 7.124
Authors: Dustin C Lee; Denise D Walker; John R Hughes; Mary F Brunette; Emily Scherer; Catherine Stanger; Jean-Francois Etter; Samantha Auty; Alan J Budney Journal: J Subst Abuse Treat Date: 2018-12-18
Authors: Dana Rubenstein; Elizabeth R Aston; Nicole L Nollen; Matthew S Mayo; Alexandra R Brown; Jasjit S Ahluwalia Journal: J Addict Med Date: 2020 Sep/Oct Impact factor: 4.647