Literature DB >> 2492017

Transmembrane topography and evolutionary conservation of synaptophysin.

P A Johnston1, R Jahn, T C Südhof.   

Abstract

Synaptophysin is the major integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles. Its primary structure deduced from rat and human complementary DNA sequences predicts that synaptophysin contains four transmembrane regions and a carboxyl-terminal domain having a novel repetitive structure. To elucidate the transmembrane organization of this protein in the synaptic vesicle, five antipeptide antibodies were raised. The site-specific antibodies were used to map the cognate sequences to the cytoplasmic or intravesicular side of the synaptic vesicle membrane by determining the susceptibility of the epitopes to proteolysis. The results confirm a topographic model for synaptophysin in which the protein spans the vesicle membrane four times, with both the amino and carboxyl terminus being cytoplasmic. In addition, the evolutionary conservation of the synaptophysin domains was addressed as a function of their membrane localization. To this end the primary structure of bovine synaptophysin was determined. Sequence comparisons between bovine, rat, and human synaptophysin revealed that only the intravesicular loops showed a significant number of amino acid substitutions (22%), while the transmembrane regions and cytoplasmic sequences were highly conserved (3% substitutions). These results depict synaptophysin as a protein with multiple membrane spanning regions whose functional site is likely to reside in highly conserved intramembranous and cytoplasmic sequences.

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Year:  1989        PMID: 2492017

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  J Biol Chem        ISSN: 0021-9258            Impact factor:   5.157


  34 in total

1.  Synaptotagmins form a hierarchy of exocytotic Ca(2+) sensors with distinct Ca(2+) affinities.

Authors:  Shuzo Sugita; Ok-Ho Shin; Weiping Han; Ye Lao; Thomas C Südhof
Journal:  EMBO J       Date:  2002-02-01       Impact factor: 11.598

2.  The secretory carrier membrane protein family: structure and membrane topology.

Authors:  C Hubbard; D Singleton; M Rauch; S Jayasinghe; D Cafiso; D Castle
Journal:  Mol Biol Cell       Date:  2000-09       Impact factor: 4.138

3.  A family of RIM-binding proteins regulated by alternative splicing: Implications for the genesis of synaptic active zones.

Authors:  Yun Wang; Xinran Liu; Thomas Biederer; Thomas C Südhof
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  2002-10-21       Impact factor: 11.205

4.  Structure and evolution of neurexophilin.

Authors:  A G Petrenko; B Ullrich; M Missler; V Krasnoperov; T W Rosahl; T C Südhof
Journal:  J Neurosci       Date:  1996-07-15       Impact factor: 6.167

5.  Fast axonal transport of kinesin in the rat visual system: functionality of kinesin heavy chain isoforms.

Authors:  R G Elluru; G S Bloom; S T Brady
Journal:  Mol Biol Cell       Date:  1995-01       Impact factor: 4.138

6.  N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptors are clustered and immobilized on dendrites of living cortical neurons.

Authors:  T A Benke; O T Jones; G L Collingridge; K J Angelides
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  1993-08-15       Impact factor: 11.205

7.  The mammalian brain high-affinity L-proline transporter is enriched preferentially in synaptic vesicles in a subpopulation of excitatory nerve terminals in rat forebrain.

Authors:  S E Renick; D T Kleven; J Chan; K Stenius; T A Milner; V M Pickel; R T Fremeau
Journal:  J Neurosci       Date:  1999-01-01       Impact factor: 6.167

8.  rab3 is a small GTP-binding protein exclusively localized to synaptic vesicles.

Authors:  G Fischer von Mollard; G A Mignery; M Baumert; M S Perin; T J Hanson; P M Burger; R Jahn; T C Südhof
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  1990-03       Impact factor: 11.205

Review 9.  Molecular analysis of a secretory organelle: structure and function of synaptic vesicle-specific proteins.

Authors:  K M Buckley
Journal:  J Membr Biol       Date:  1994-04       Impact factor: 1.843

10.  Synaptophysin, a major synaptic vesicle protein, is not essential for neurotransmitter release.

Authors:  H T McMahon; V Y Bolshakov; R Janz; R E Hammer; S A Siegelbaum; T C Südhof
Journal:  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A       Date:  1996-05-14       Impact factor: 11.205

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