J Rey, M S Fischer, P Böttcher1. 1. Prof. Dr. Peter Böttcher, Klinik für Kleintiere, der Universität Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Email: boettcher@kleintierklinik.uni-leipzig.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This in vivo study qualitatively describes the sagittal motion pattern of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) insufficient canine stifle in operated and unoperated joints with cranio-caudal laxity on palpation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sagittal stifle kinematics were recorded in vivo in dogs (> 15 kg BW) with unilateral (n = 7) or bilateral (n = 6) complete CrCL rupture and positive cranial drawer test as well as two sound control dogs using uniplanar fluoroscopic kinematography with the dogs walking on a treadmill. Stifle stability and sagittal motion pattern of the femur and the tibia were determined by visual inspection of the fluoroscopic video sequences. RESULTS: Control dogs showed no cranio-caudal instability, identical to the contralateral stifles of the dogs with unilateral rupture. All unoperated stifles with CrCL rupture (n = 6) showed caudal slippage of the femur at the beginning of the stance phase. Of the 13 operated stifles (TightRope: n = 1, tibial tuberosity advancement, TTA: n = 6, tibial plateau leveling osteotomy, TPLO: n = 5, cranial closing wedge osteotomy, CCWO: n = 1) nine were unstable, showing the same motion pattern as the unoperated stifles. CONCLUSION: In the CrCL insufficient stifle with in vivo cranio-caudal instability caudal slippage of the distal femur at tow touch is the predominant motion pattern. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The discrepancy between in vivo motion pattern and in vitro simulation of CrCL insufficiency in which cranial tibial subluxation is the predominant sagittal motion pattern warrants further studies.
OBJECTIVE: This in vivo study qualitatively describes the sagittal motion pattern of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) insufficient canine stifle in operated and unoperated joints with cranio-caudal laxity on palpation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sagittal stifle kinematics were recorded in vivo in dogs (> 15 kg BW) with unilateral (n = 7) or bilateral (n = 6) complete CrCL rupture and positive cranial drawer test as well as two sound control dogs using uniplanar fluoroscopic kinematography with the dogs walking on a treadmill. Stifle stability and sagittal motion pattern of the femur and the tibia were determined by visual inspection of the fluoroscopic video sequences. RESULTS: Control dogs showed no cranio-caudal instability, identical to the contralateral stifles of the dogs with unilateral rupture. All unoperated stifles with CrCL rupture (n = 6) showed caudal slippage of the femur at the beginning of the stance phase. Of the 13 operated stifles (TightRope: n = 1, tibial tuberosity advancement, TTA: n = 6, tibial plateau leveling osteotomy, TPLO: n = 5, cranial closing wedge osteotomy, CCWO: n = 1) nine were unstable, showing the same motion pattern as the unoperated stifles. CONCLUSION: In the CrCL insufficient stifle with in vivo cranio-caudal instability caudal slippage of the distal femur at tow touch is the predominant motion pattern. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The discrepancy between in vivo motion pattern and in vitro simulation of CrCL insufficiency in which cranial tibial subluxation is the predominant sagittal motion pattern warrants further studies.
Entities:
Keywords:
Stifle; cranial cruciate ligament rupture; fluoroscopy; in vivo; kinematics
Authors: Erica J Moore; Stanley E Kim; Scott A Banks; Antonio Pozzi; Jason D Coggeshall; Stephen C Jones Journal: BMC Vet Res Date: 2016-11-25 Impact factor: 2.741
Authors: Selena Tinga; Stanley E Kim; Scott A Banks; Stephen C Jones; Brian H Park; Antonio Pozzi; Daniel D Lewis Journal: BMC Vet Res Date: 2018-03-12 Impact factor: 2.741