BACKGROUND: The association between low birth weight and adult disease is well known. Less is known on long-term effects of high birth weight. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether a high birth weight increases risk for adult metabolic disease. METHODS: Swedish term single births, 1973-1982 (n = 759,999), were studied to age 27.5-37.5 years using Swedish national registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated in relation to birth weight for type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. RESULTS: Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 standard deviation score (SDS) had a 1.9-fold increased risk (HR 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-2.90) of type 2 diabetes, whereas those with birth weights above 3 SDS had a 5.4-fold increased risk (HR 5.44, 95% CI 2.70-10.96) compared to men with birth weights between -2 and 2 SDS. The corresponding HRs for women were 0.60 (95% CI 0.40-0.91) and 1.71 (95% CI 0.85-3.43) for birth weights 2-3 SDS and >3 SDS, respectively. Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 SDS had a 1.5-fold increased risk (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.22-1.77) of obesity. The corresponding risk for women was 1.3-fold increased (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.46). For men and women with birth weights above 3 SDS, the risks of adult obesity were higher, HR 2.46 (95% CI 1.63-3.71) and HR 1.85 (95% CI 1.44-2.37), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high birth weight, particularly very high, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in male young adults. The risk of obesity increases with increasing birth weight in both genders.
BACKGROUND: The association between low birth weight and adult disease is well known. Less is known on long-term effects of high birth weight. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether a high birth weight increases risk for adult metabolic disease. METHODS: Swedish term single births, 1973-1982 (n = 759,999), were studied to age 27.5-37.5 years using Swedish national registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated in relation to birth weight for type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia. RESULTS:Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 standard deviation score (SDS) had a 1.9-fold increased risk (HR 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25-2.90) of type 2 diabetes, whereas those with birth weights above 3 SDS had a 5.4-fold increased risk (HR 5.44, 95% CI 2.70-10.96) compared to men with birth weights between -2 and 2 SDS. The corresponding HRs for women were 0.60 (95% CI 0.40-0.91) and 1.71 (95% CI 0.85-3.43) for birth weights 2-3 SDS and >3 SDS, respectively. Men with birth weights between 2 and 3 SDS had a 1.5-fold increased risk (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.22-1.77) of obesity. The corresponding risk for women was 1.3-fold increased (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.19-1.46). For men and women with birth weights above 3 SDS, the risks of adult obesity were higher, HR 2.46 (95% CI 1.63-3.71) and HR 1.85 (95% CI 1.44-2.37), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A high birth weight, particularly very high, increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in male young adults. The risk of obesity increases with increasing birth weight in both genders.
Authors: Kimberly P Newton; Haruna S Feldman; Christina D Chambers; Laura Wilson; Cynthia Behling; Jeanne M Clark; Jean P Molleston; Naga Chalasani; Arun J Sanyal; Mark H Fishbein; Joel E Lavine; Jeffrey B Schwimmer Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2017-03-30 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Jaclyn M Goodrich; Mary E Ingle; Steven E Domino; Marjorie C Treadwell; Dana C Dolinoy; Charles Burant; John D Meeker; Vasantha Padmanabhan Journal: J Dev Orig Health Dis Date: 2019-01-30 Impact factor: 2.401
Authors: Thomas L Jeanne; Elizabeth R Hooker; Thuan Nguyen; Lynne C Messer; Rebecca M Sacks; Sarah B Andrea; Janne Boone-Heinonen Journal: Prev Med Date: 2017-12-23 Impact factor: 4.018
Authors: Marco F Mastroeni; Sandra A Czarnobay; Caroline Kroll; Katherinne B W Figueirêdo; Silmara S B S Mastroeni; Jean C Silva; Mohammad K A Khan; Sarah Loehr; Paul J Veugelers Journal: Matern Child Health J Date: 2017-04