Psychological impact of disasters on communities.

Disaster mental health is defined as "community and individual mental and behavioral health preparedness and response as well as other psychosocial and cultural factors" (Hoffman et al., 2005, p. S141). The research included in this review was published between 2000 and 2011, capturing a snapshot of the last decade of relevant research on the psychological impact of disaster. The conceptual framework used to examine the research involves a population-based approach based on primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention levels. Aspects of conducting mental health research, to include evidence-based approaches and disaster mental health outcome measurements postdisaster, are also included. The authors conclude the review by presenting implications and future recommendations for nursing practice and research related to the psychological impact of disasters on communities.