Marsal Sanches1, Kathy Scott-Gurnell2, Anita Patel2, Sheila C Caetano3, Giovana B Zunta-Soares2, John P Hatch4, Rene Olvera4, Alan C Swann2, Jair C Soares2. 1. UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: Marsal.Sanches@uth.tmc.edu. 2. UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 4. Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Increased impulsivity seems to be present across all phases of bipolar disorder (BD). Impulsivity may therefore represent an endophenotype for BD, if it is also found among normal individuals at high genetic risk for mood disorders. In this study, we assessed impulsivity across four different groups of children and adolescents: patients with BD, major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, unaffected offspring of bipolar parents (UO), and healthy controls (HC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 52 patients with BD, 31 with MDD, 20 UO, and 45 HC completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), an instrument designed to measure trait impulsivity. RESULTS: UO displayed significantly higher total BIS-11 impulsivity scores than HC (p=0.02) but lower scores than BD patients (F=27.12, p<0.01). Multiple comparison analysis revealed higher BIS-11 total scores among BD patients when compared to HC (p<0.01) and UO (p<0.01). MDD patients had higher BIS-11 scores when compared to HC (p<0.01). Differences between MDD patients and UO, as well as between MDD and BD patients, were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity is increased among children and adolescents with mood disorders, as well as in unaffected individuals at high genetic risk for BD.
OBJECTIVE: Increased impulsivity seems to be present across all phases of bipolar disorder (BD). Impulsivity may therefore represent an endophenotype for BD, if it is also found among normal individuals at high genetic risk for mood disorders. In this study, we assessed impulsivity across four different groups of children and adolescents: patients with BD, major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, unaffected offspring of bipolar parents (UO), and healthy controls (HC). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 52 patients with BD, 31 with MDD, 20 UO, and 45 HC completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), an instrument designed to measure trait impulsivity. RESULTS: UO displayed significantly higher total BIS-11 impulsivity scores than HC (p=0.02) but lower scores than BD patients (F=27.12, p<0.01). Multiple comparison analysis revealed higher BIS-11 total scores among BD patients when compared to HC (p<0.01) and UO (p<0.01). MDDpatients had higher BIS-11 scores when compared to HC (p<0.01). Differences between MDDpatients and UO, as well as between MDD and BD patients, were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity is increased among children and adolescents with mood disorders, as well as in unaffected individuals at high genetic risk for BD.
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