| Literature DB >> 24882635 |
Abstract
The steroid hormone 17b-estradiol and the peptide hormone insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 independently exert neuroprotective actions in neurologic diseases such as stroke. Only a few studies have directly addressed the interaction between the two hormone systems, however, there is a large literature that indicates potentially greater interactions between the 17b-estradiol and IGF-1 systems. The present review focuses on key issues related to this interaction including IGF-1 and sex differences and common activation of second messenger systems. Using ischemic stroke as a case study, this review also focuses on independent and cooperative actions of estrogen and IGF-1 on neuroprotection, blood brain barrier integrity, angiogenesis, inflammation and post-stroke epilepsy. Finally, the review also focuses on the astrocyte, a key mediator of post stroke repair, as a local source of 17b-estradiol and IGF-1. This review thus highlights areas where significant new research is needed to clarify the interactions between these two neuroprotectants.Entities:
Keywords: Astrocytes; Blood brain barrier; Estrogen; IGF-1; Inflammation; Neuroprotection; Sex differences
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Year: 2014 PMID： 24882635 PMCID： PMC4247812 DOI： 10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.05.003
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Front Neuroendocrinol ISSN： 0091-3022 Impact factor: 8.606