Ananda Boyer1, Lauren Cameron2, Yolanda Munoz-Maldonado3, Richard Bronsteen4, Christine H Comstock4, Wesley Lee5, Luis F Goncalves6. 1. Division of Fetal Imaging, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI. Electronic address: dranandakn@gmail.com. 2. Wayne State University Medical School, Detroit, MI. 3. Research Institute, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI. 4. Division of Fetal Imaging, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI. 5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 6. Division of Fetal Imaging, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI; Department of Pediatric Radiology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the clinical significance of amniotic fluid (AF) sludge in twin pregnancies with a short cervix. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated twin pregnancies with a short cervical length that had an ultrasound between 16 and 26 weeks (n = 78). Pregnancy outcomes in those with sludge (n = 27) and those without (n = 51) were compared. Outcome variables included gestational age at delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, chorioamnionitis, funisitis, composite neonatal morbidity, and perinatal death. For statistical analysis, the first-born (A) and second-born (B) twins were studied separately. RESULTS: The prevalence of AF sludge was 34.6% (27 of 78). Pregnancies with sludge delivered earlier (27.2 ± 5.6 weeks vs 31.0 ± 4.05 weeks, P < .01) and had a higher rate of extreme prematurity (<26 weeks: 52.2% [12 of 23] vs 15.6% [5 of 32]; P < .01). Both twins had higher rates of histological chorioamnionitis (twin A, 50.0% [13 of 26] vs 12.8% [6 of 47]; P < .01; twin B, 42.3% [11 of 26] vs 13.3% [6 of 45]; P < .01) and neonatal death (twin A, 33.3% [9 of 27] vs 3.9% [2 of 51]; P < .01; twin B, 33.3% [9 of 27] vs 6.0% [3 of 50]; P = .01). Higher rates of funisitis (23.1% [6 of 26] vs 4.3% [2 of 47]; P = .02) and composite neonatal morbidity were observed for twin A only (66.7% [14 of 21] vs 37.5% [18 of 48]; P = .04). CONCLUSION: The presence of AF sludge in twin pregnancies with a short cervix is a risk factor for extreme prematurity, histological chorioamnionitis, and perinatal death. Twin A had higher rates of funisitis and neonatal morbidity in the presence of AF sludge.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine the clinical significance of amniotic fluid (AF) sludge in twin pregnancies with a short cervix. STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated twin pregnancies with a short cervical length that had an ultrasound between 16 and 26 weeks (n = 78). Pregnancy outcomes in those with sludge (n = 27) and those without (n = 51) were compared. Outcome variables included gestational age at delivery, premature rupture of the membranes, chorioamnionitis, funisitis, composite neonatal morbidity, and perinatal death. For statistical analysis, the first-born (A) and second-born (B) twins were studied separately. RESULTS: The prevalence of AF sludge was 34.6% (27 of 78). Pregnancies with sludge delivered earlier (27.2 ± 5.6 weeks vs 31.0 ± 4.05 weeks, P < .01) and had a higher rate of extreme prematurity (<26 weeks: 52.2% [12 of 23] vs 15.6% [5 of 32]; P < .01). Both twins had higher rates of histological chorioamnionitis (twin A, 50.0% [13 of 26] vs 12.8% [6 of 47]; P < .01; twin B, 42.3% [11 of 26] vs 13.3% [6 of 45]; P < .01) and neonatal death (twin A, 33.3% [9 of 27] vs 3.9% [2 of 51]; P < .01; twin B, 33.3% [9 of 27] vs 6.0% [3 of 50]; P = .01). Higher rates of funisitis (23.1% [6 of 26] vs 4.3% [2 of 47]; P = .02) and composite neonatal morbidity were observed for twin A only (66.7% [14 of 21] vs 37.5% [18 of 48]; P = .04). CONCLUSION: The presence of AF sludge in twin pregnancies with a short cervix is a risk factor for extreme prematurity, histological chorioamnionitis, and perinatal death. Twin A had higher rates of funisitis and neonatal morbidity in the presence of AF sludge.
Authors: Juan P Kusanovic; Roberto Romero; Carolina Martinovic; Karla Silva; Offer Erez; Eli Maymon; Francisco Díaz; Fernando Ferrer; Rafael Valdés; Víctor Córdova; Paula Vargas; María Elena Nilo; Patricio Le Cerf Journal: J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med Date: 2017-05-03