BACKGROUND: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most widely accepted scale for assessing levels of consciousness, clinical status, as well as prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score is a new coma scale developed addressing the limitations of the GCS. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to compare the performance of the FOUR score vs. the GCS in predicting TBI outcomes. METHODS: From April to July 2011, 60 consecutive adult patients with TBI admitted to the Alexandria Main University Hospital intensive care units (ICU) were enrolled in the study. GCS and FOUR score were documented on arrival to emergency room. Outcomes were in-hospital mortality, unfavorable outcome [Glasgow outcome scale extended (GOSE) 1-4], endotracheal intubation, and ICU length of stay (LOS). RESULTS: Fifteen (25 %) patients died and 35 (58 %) had unfavorable outcome. When predicting mortality, the FOUR score showed significantly higher area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) than the GCS score (0.850 vs. 0.796, p = 0.025). The FOUR score and the GCS score were not different in predicting unfavorable outcome (AUC 0.813 vs. 0.779, p = 0.136) and endotracheal intubation (AUC 0.961 vs. 0.982, p = 0.06). Both scores were good predictors of ICU LOS (r (2) = 0.40 [FOUR score] vs. 0.41 [GCS score]). CONCLUSIONS: The FOUR score was superior to the GCS in predicting in-hospital mortality in TBI patients. There was no difference between both scores in predicting unfavorable outcome, endotracheal intubation, and ICU LOS.
BACKGROUND: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most widely accepted scale for assessing levels of consciousness, clinical status, as well as prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score is a new coma scale developed addressing the limitations of the GCS. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to compare the performance of the FOUR score vs. the GCS in predicting TBI outcomes. METHODS: From April to July 2011, 60 consecutive adult patients with TBI admitted to the Alexandria Main University Hospital intensive care units (ICU) were enrolled in the study. GCS and FOUR score were documented on arrival to emergency room. Outcomes were in-hospital mortality, unfavorable outcome [Glasgow outcome scale extended (GOSE) 1-4], endotracheal intubation, and ICU length of stay (LOS). RESULTS: Fifteen (25 %) patients died and 35 (58 %) had unfavorable outcome. When predicting mortality, the FOUR score showed significantly higher area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) than the GCS score (0.850 vs. 0.796, p = 0.025). The FOUR score and the GCS score were not different in predicting unfavorable outcome (AUC 0.813 vs. 0.779, p = 0.136) and endotracheal intubation (AUC 0.961 vs. 0.982, p = 0.06). Both scores were good predictors of ICU LOS (r (2) = 0.40 [FOUR score] vs. 0.41 [GCS score]). CONCLUSIONS: The FOUR score was superior to the GCS in predicting in-hospital mortality in TBIpatients. There was no difference between both scores in predicting unfavorable outcome, endotracheal intubation, and ICU LOS.
Authors: Anthony Marmarou; Juan Lu; Isabella Butcher; Gillian S McHugh; Gordon D Murray; Ewout W Steyerberg; Nino A Mushkudiani; Sung Choi; Andrew I R Maas Journal: J Neurotrauma Date: 2007-02 Impact factor: 5.269
Authors: Eelco F M Wijdicks; William R Bamlet; Boby V Maramattom; Edward M Manno; Robyn L McClelland Journal: Ann Neurol Date: 2005-10 Impact factor: 10.422
Authors: Luis Idrovo; Blanca Fuentes; Josmarlin Medina; Laura Gabaldón; Gerardo Ruiz-Ares; María José Abenza; María José Aguilar-Amat; Patricia Martínez-Sánchez; Luis Rodríguez; Rubén Cazorla; Marta Martínez; Alfonso Tafur; Eelco F M Wijdicks; Exuperio Diez-Tejedor Journal: Eur Neurol Date: 2010-06-16 Impact factor: 1.710
Authors: Ewout W Steyerberg; Nino Mushkudiani; Pablo Perel; Isabella Butcher; Juan Lu; Gillian S McHugh; Gordon D Murray; Anthony Marmarou; Ian Roberts; J Dik F Habbema; Andrew I R Maas Journal: PLoS Med Date: 2008-08-05 Impact factor: 11.069
Authors: Dimitrios M Anestis; Nikolaos G Foroglou; Panagiotis C Varoutis; Panagiotis M Monioudis; Christos A Tsonidis; Parmenion P Tsitsopoulos Journal: Acta Neurol Belg Date: 2022-08-23 Impact factor: 2.471