George W Chaus1, Chase Dukes2, David J Hak3, Cyril Mauffrey3, E Mark Hammerberg3. 1. University of Colorado School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aurora, CO, United States. Electronic address: George.Chaus@ucdenver.edu. 2. Madigan Army Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ft. Lewis, WA, United States. 3. Denver Health Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Denver, CO, United States.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the usage, indication, duration, and cost associated with external fixation usage. Additionally, to show the significant cost associated with external fixator use and reinvigorate discussions on external fixator reuse. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: A retrospective review of a prospectively gathered trauma database was undertaken to identify all patients treated with external fixation frames for pelvic and lower extremity injuries between September 2007 and July 2010. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: We noted the indications for frame use, and we determined the average duration of external fixation for each indication. The cost of each frame was calculated from implant records. RESULTS: 341 lower extremity and pelvic fractures were treated with external fixation frames during the study period. Of these, 92% were used as temporary external fixation. The average duration of temporary external fixation was 10.5 days. The cost of external fixation frame components was $670,805 per year. The average cost per external fixation frame was $5900. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of external fixators are intended as temporary frames, in place for a limited period of time prior to definitive fixation of skeletal injuries. As such, most frames are not intended to withstand physiologic loads, nor are they expected provide a precise maintenance of reduction. Given the considerable expense associated with external fixation frame components, the practice of purchasing external fixation frame components as disposable "single-use" items appears to be somewhat wasteful. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the usage, indication, duration, and cost associated with external fixation usage. Additionally, to show the significant cost associated with external fixator use and reinvigorate discussions on external fixator reuse. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: A retrospective review of a prospectively gathered trauma database was undertaken to identify all patients treated with external fixation frames for pelvic and lower extremity injuries between September 2007 and July 2010. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: We noted the indications for frame use, and we determined the average duration of external fixation for each indication. The cost of each frame was calculated from implant records. RESULTS: 341 lower extremity and pelvic fractures were treated with external fixation frames during the study period. Of these, 92% were used as temporary external fixation. The average duration of temporary external fixation was 10.5 days. The cost of external fixation frame components was $670,805 per year. The average cost per external fixation frame was $5900. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of external fixators are intended as temporary frames, in place for a limited period of time prior to definitive fixation of skeletal injuries. As such, most frames are not intended to withstand physiologic loads, nor are they expected provide a precise maintenance of reduction. Given the considerable expense associated with external fixation frame components, the practice of purchasing external fixation frame components as disposable "single-use" items appears to be somewhat wasteful. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.