Robert D Truog1, I Glenn Cohen2, Mark A Rockoff3. 1. Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts2Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts3Departments of Global Health and Social Medicine and Medical Ethics, Anae. 2. Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics, Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 3. Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts5Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.