Enhanced charge storage of ultrathin polythiophene films within porous nanostructures.

In a single step polymerization and coating, oxidative chemical vapor deposition (oCVD) has been used to synthesize unsubstituted polythiophene. Coatings have been conformally coated within porous nanostructures of anodized aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, and activated carbon. Significant enhancement in charge capacity has been found with ultrathin polythiophene coatings that preserve the surface area and pore space of the nanostructures. Pseudocapacitors consisting of ultrathin polythiophene coated within activated carbon yielded increases of 50 and 250% in specific and volumetric capacitance compared with bare activated carbon. Devices were stable up to the 5000 cycles tested with only a 10% decrease in capacitance.