P Boro1, A Kumaresan2, A K Singh3, D Gupta3, S Kumar3, A Manimaran4, A K Mohanty3, T K Mohanty5, R Pathak1, N M Attupuram1, R K Baithalu4, S Prasad5. 1. Theriogenology Lab, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. 2. Theriogenology Lab, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India; Livestock Research Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. Electronic address: ogkumaresan@gmail.com. 3. Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. 4. Theriogenology Lab, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India; Livestock Research Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India. 5. Livestock Research Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, Haryana, India.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Retention of fetal membranes (RFM) is an economically important condition in dairy cattle disturbing the health and production in affected animals. In spite of extensive research, pathogenesis for RFM and identification of a predictive marker for the condition still remains elusive. Since expulsion of fetal membranes in an inflammatory process, studying the expression of inflammatory molecules is expected to give an idea about the pathogenesis of RFM. METHODS: Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors and adhesion molecules was studied using qRT-PCR in the utero-placental tissues obtained from the cows that expelled fetal membranes normally (n = 12) and from the cows that developed RFM (n = 12). Concentrations of SCFAs were estimated in the utero-placental tissues using Gas Chromatography. RESULTS: The concentration of butyrate in the utero-placental tissue extract was 3-4 times lower, and GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was 7.7-10.0 and 3.4-4.4 folds lower (p < 0.05) in cows that developed RFM compared to those that expelled the fetal membranes normally. The expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, ICAM and PECAM was higher (p < 0.05) in the cows that normally expelled the fetal membranes compared to those that developed RFM. DISCUSSION: Since a clear association of butyrate levels, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and SCFAs receptors was observed with expulsion of fetal membranes, modulating the levels of these molecules prior to parturition might help in reducing the incidence of RFM in cows. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory response is essential for normal expulsion of fetal membranes and that inadequate or altered expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and SCFA receptors is associated with RFM in cows.
INTRODUCTION: Retention of fetal membranes (RFM) is an economically important condition in dairy cattle disturbing the health and production in affected animals. In spite of extensive research, pathogenesis for RFM and identification of a predictive marker for the condition still remains elusive. Since expulsion of fetal membranes in an inflammatory process, studying the expression of inflammatory molecules is expected to give an idea about the pathogenesis of RFM. METHODS: Expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors and adhesion molecules was studied using qRT-PCR in the utero-placental tissues obtained from the cows that expelled fetal membranes normally (n = 12) and from the cows that developed RFM (n = 12). Concentrations of SCFAs were estimated in the utero-placental tissues using Gas Chromatography. RESULTS: The concentration of butyrate in the utero-placental tissue extract was 3-4 times lower, and GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was 7.7-10.0 and 3.4-4.4 folds lower (p < 0.05) in cows that developed RFM compared to those that expelled the fetal membranes normally. The expression of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, ICAM and PECAM was higher (p < 0.05) in the cows that normally expelled the fetal membranes compared to those that developed RFM. DISCUSSION: Since a clear association of butyrate levels, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and SCFAs receptors was observed with expulsion of fetal membranes, modulating the levels of these molecules prior to parturition might help in reducing the incidence of RFM in cows. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory response is essential for normal expulsion of fetal membranes and that inadequate or altered expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and SCFA receptors is associated with RFM in cows.
Authors: Jasenka Zubcevic; Jacqueline Watkins; Cindy Lin; Byrell Bautista; Heather M Hatch; Sergei G Tevosian; Linda F Hayward Journal: Metabolites Date: 2022-08-09
Authors: Julie Opgenorth; Lorraine M Sordillo; Adam L Lock; Jeff C Gandy; Michael J VandeHaar Journal: J Dairy Sci Date: 2020-10-09 Impact factor: 4.034