Connie Lin1, Carl B Rountree2, Sosamma Methratta3, Salvatore LaRusso4, Allen R Kunselman5, Adam J Spanier6. 1. College of Medicine, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Bon Secour St. Mary׳s Hospital, 5801 Bremo Rd, Richmond, VA 23226, USA. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; Department of Radiology, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA. 4. Department of Radiology, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA. 5. Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, PO Box 850, Hershey, PA 17033-0850, USA. Electronic address: aspanier@hmc.psu.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in children in the United States, and prevalence rates are rising. Smoking is associated with NAFLD, but the association of secondhand smoke exposure with NAFLD is unknown. AIMS: To investigate the association of secondhand tobacco exposure with NAFLD in children. METHODS: We surveyed parents/guardians of 304 children aged 3-12 years who had received an abdominal ultrasound at Penn State Hershey Medical Center. The survey addressed demographics, medical history, secondhand tobacco exposure, activity level, screen viewing time and other environmental exposures. A pediatric radiologist and sonographer reviewed the ultrasounds to grade the presence of bight liver compatible with NAFLD. We conducted logistic regression analysis to assess the association of secondhand tobacco exposure and NAFLD. RESULTS: 54% of eligible potential participants responded to the survey. Fatty liver was present in 3% of the children. Increasing child age was associated with increased odds of NAFLD (OR 1.63 95% CI 1.1, 2.4). Reported child obesity was associated with increased odds of NAFLD (OR 44.5 95% CI 5.3, 371.7). The rate of NAFLD was higher in the smoke exposed group (6.7% vs. 1.7%). For every extra pack per day smoked at home, the odds of a child having NAFLD increased 1.8 times (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.8), and any exposure increased a child's odds of NAFLD four-fold (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.02, 15.8). CONCLUSION: We found an association of secondhand smoke exposure and NAFLD in children. This may represent an area for future prevention efforts.
BACKGROUND:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease in children in the United States, and prevalence rates are rising. Smoking is associated with NAFLD, but the association of secondhand smoke exposure with NAFLD is unknown. AIMS: To investigate the association of secondhand tobacco exposure with NAFLD in children. METHODS: We surveyed parents/guardians of 304 children aged 3-12 years who had received an abdominal ultrasound at Penn State Hershey Medical Center. The survey addressed demographics, medical history, secondhand tobacco exposure, activity level, screen viewing time and other environmental exposures. A pediatric radiologist and sonographer reviewed the ultrasounds to grade the presence of bight liver compatible with NAFLD. We conducted logistic regression analysis to assess the association of secondhand tobacco exposure and NAFLD. RESULTS: 54% of eligible potential participants responded to the survey. Fatty liver was present in 3% of the children. Increasing child age was associated with increased odds of NAFLD (OR 1.63 95% CI 1.1, 2.4). Reported childobesity was associated with increased odds of NAFLD (OR 44.5 95% CI 5.3, 371.7). The rate of NAFLD was higher in the smoke exposed group (6.7% vs. 1.7%). For every extra pack per day smoked at home, the odds of a child having NAFLD increased 1.8 times (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.8), and any exposure increased a child's odds of NAFLD four-fold (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.02, 15.8). CONCLUSION: We found an association of secondhand smoke exposure and NAFLD in children. This may represent an area for future prevention efforts.
Authors: Banrida Wahlang; Jian Jin; Juliane I Beier; Josiah E Hardesty; Erica F Daly; Regina D Schnegelberger; K Cameron Falkner; Russell A Prough; Irina A Kirpich; Matthew C Cave Journal: Curr Environ Health Rep Date: 2019-09
Authors: Desinia B Miller; Edward D Karoly; Jan C Jones; William O Ward; Beena D Vallanat; Debora L Andrews; Mette C Schladweiler; Samantha J Snow; Virginia L Bass; Judy E Richards; Andrew J Ghio; Wayne E Cascio; Allen D Ledbetter; Urmila P Kodavanti Journal: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol Date: 2015-03-31 Impact factor: 4.219
Authors: Miriam B Vos; Stephanie H Abrams; Sarah E Barlow; Sonia Caprio; Stephen R Daniels; Rohit Kohli; Marialena Mouzaki; Pushpa Sathya; Jeffrey B Schwimmer; Shikha S Sundaram; Stavra A Xanthakos Journal: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr Date: 2017-02 Impact factor: 2.839