Recent nanoarchitectures in metal nanoparticle-graphene nanocomposite modified electrodes for electroanalysis.

While increasing attention has been devoted to the use of carbon-based nanomaterials or metal nanoparticles (MNPs) as electrode modifiers for electroanalysis, there is a noticeable development in studies using MNP-graphene nanocomposites or nanohybrids in very recent years. In this review, first, very recent nanoarchitectures in MNP-graphene nanocomposites for modifying electrodes (mainly in 2013) are summarized together with the targets and achievements of electroanalysis. The variety of nanoarchitectures comes from the fact that graphene oxide and metal precursor ions can be reduced chemically or electrochemically, and concurrently or stepwisely. By browsing various preparation methods of the modified electrodes, some characteristic and interesting features of the preparations of MNP-graphene nanocomposites are described together with the possibilities and prospects as electrode modifiers for electroanalysis.