Jorge Polónia1, Tavares Madede, José A Silva, José Mesquita-Bastos, Albertino Damasceno. 1. aDepartment of Medicine and Cintesis, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto bHypertension Unit, Hospital Pedro Hispano EPE, ULS Matosinhos cDepartment of Cardiology, Hospital Infante D Pedro, EPE, Health School, Aveiro University, Aveiro, Portugal dDepartment of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) profile in never-treated black hypertensive patients living in Africa, Mozambique (20-80 years), versus never-treated white hypertensive patients living in Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ABP recordings of untreated black hypertensive patients and white hypertensive patients with 24-h ABP of 130/80 mmHg or more were retrospectively selected from two computerized database records of ABP and matched for age by decades, sex, and BMI. RESULTS: Black hypertensive patients were n=548, 47 ± 12 years, 52% women, BMI=28.0 ± 8.2 kg/m(2), 7% smokers, 7% diabetics; white hypertensive patients were n=604, 47 ± 15 years, 52% women, BMI=27.4 ± 5.1 kg/m(2), 8.4% diabetics, and 18% smokers (P<0.02). Black hypertensive patients versus white hypertensive patients showed higher casual blood pressure (BP) 160/104 ± 19/14 versus 149/97 ± 18/12 mmHg, 24-h ABP 146/92 ± 16/13 versus 139/85 ± 11/10 mmHg, daytime ABP 150/95 ± 16/13 versus 143/88 ± 13/11 mmHg, night-time BP 139/84 ± 17/13 versus 130/78 ± 13/10 mmHg (all P<0.001) and lower night-time BP fall 8.3 ± 6.9 versus 10.1 ± 8.7% (P<0.02) and higher BP variability. Differences were still significant in all decades above 30 years of age and when calculations were carried out separately for both men and women. The average 24-h heart rate did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that untreated black hypertensive patients systematically present higher clinic and ABP values and a lower night-time BP fall than untreated white hypertensive patients for all spectra of age distribution. This might be the reason for the worse cardiovascular prognosis described in black hypertensive patients compared with white hypertensive patients.
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) profile in never-treated black hypertensivepatients living in Africa, Mozambique (20-80 years), versus never-treated white hypertensivepatients living in Europe. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ABP recordings of untreated black hypertensivepatients and white hypertensivepatients with 24-h ABP of 130/80 mmHg or more were retrospectively selected from two computerized database records of ABP and matched for age by decades, sex, and BMI. RESULTS: Black hypertensivepatients were n=548, 47 ± 12 years, 52% women, BMI=28.0 ± 8.2 kg/m(2), 7% smokers, 7% diabetics; white hypertensivepatients were n=604, 47 ± 15 years, 52% women, BMI=27.4 ± 5.1 kg/m(2), 8.4% diabetics, and 18% smokers (P<0.02). Black hypertensivepatients versus white hypertensivepatients showed higher casual blood pressure (BP) 160/104 ± 19/14 versus 149/97 ± 18/12 mmHg, 24-h ABP 146/92 ± 16/13 versus 139/85 ± 11/10 mmHg, daytime ABP 150/95 ± 16/13 versus 143/88 ± 13/11 mmHg, night-time BP 139/84 ± 17/13 versus 130/78 ± 13/10 mmHg (all P<0.001) and lower night-time BP fall 8.3 ± 6.9 versus 10.1 ± 8.7% (P<0.02) and higher BP variability. Differences were still significant in all decades above 30 years of age and when calculations were carried out separately for both men and women. The average 24-h heart rate did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that untreated black hypertensivepatients systematically present higher clinic and ABP values and a lower night-time BP fall than untreated white hypertensivepatients for all spectra of age distribution. This might be the reason for the worse cardiovascular prognosis described in black hypertensivepatients compared with white hypertensivepatients.
Authors: Ashleigh Ivy; Jonathan Tam; Matthew J Dewhurst; William K Gray; Paul Chaote; Jane Rogathi; Felicity Dewhurst; Richard W Walker Journal: J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) Date: 2015-02-18 Impact factor: 3.738