Claudio Peter1, Rachel Müller2, Marcel W M Post3, Christel M C van Leeuwen3, Christina S Werner4, Szilvia Geyh5. 1. Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland; Unit for Biopsychosocial Health, Chair for Public Health and Health Care Research, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: claudio.peter@paraplegie.ch. 2. Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland; Unit for Biopsychosocial Health, Chair for Public Health and Health Care Research, Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. 3. Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland; Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 4. Psychological Methods, Evaluation and Statistics, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. 5. Swiss Paraplegic Research (SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland; Department Health Sciences and Health Policy, University of Lucerne and at SPF, Nottwil, Switzerland.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the Spinal Cord Injury Adjustment Model and gain a better understanding about whether and how the psychological resources general self-efficacy (SE), purpose in life (PIL), appraisals, and coping influence participation in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional data collection within the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort. SETTING: Community setting. PARTICIPANTS: Persons with SCI (N=516) who are ≥ 16 years old and living in the community in Switzerland. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation was measured with the restrictions subscale of the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation, General SE with the General Self-Efficacy Scale, PIL with the Purpose in Life Test-Short Form, appraisals with the Appraisal of Life Events Scale, and coping with the Brief COPE. RESULTS: General SE (r=.32) and PIL (r=.23) were associated with less participation restrictions. The initial model yielded a poor model fit. The modified final model had an acceptable fit (χ(2)11=36.2; P<.01; root mean square error of approximation=.067 [90% confidence interval: .045-.09]; comparative fit index=.98). A total of 15% of the variance of participation was explained. In the final model, general SE had a moderate direct effect (β=.24) and mediated effects via threat appraisal and challenge appraisal and humor on participation, indicating a partial mediation effect. The association between PIL and participation was indirect: challenge appraisal and humor acted as mediators. CONCLUSIONS: The results only partly support the double-mediating effect as suggested in the SCI adjustment model because both direct and indirect effects on participation were observed. Individuals with higher general SE and PIL perceive less participation restrictions. General SE seems an appropriate target to enhance participation. Longitudinal studies are needed to support our findings.
OBJECTIVE: To test the Spinal Cord Injury Adjustment Model and gain a better understanding about whether and how the psychological resources general self-efficacy (SE), purpose in life (PIL), appraisals, and coping influence participation in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional data collection within the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort. SETTING: Community setting. PARTICIPANTS: Persons with SCI (N=516) who are ≥ 16 years old and living in the community in Switzerland. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participation was measured with the restrictions subscale of the Utrecht Scale for Evaluation of Rehabilitation-Participation, General SE with the General Self-Efficacy Scale, PIL with the Purpose in Life Test-Short Form, appraisals with the Appraisal of Life Events Scale, and coping with the Brief COPE. RESULTS: General SE (r=.32) and PIL (r=.23) were associated with less participation restrictions. The initial model yielded a poor model fit. The modified final model had an acceptable fit (χ(2)11=36.2; P<.01; root mean square error of approximation=.067 [90% confidence interval: .045-.09]; comparative fit index=.98). A total of 15% of the variance of participation was explained. In the final model, general SE had a moderate direct effect (β=.24) and mediated effects via threat appraisal and challenge appraisal and humor on participation, indicating a partial mediation effect. The association between PIL and participation was indirect: challenge appraisal and humor acted as mediators. CONCLUSIONS: The results only partly support the double-mediating effect as suggested in the SCI adjustment model because both direct and indirect effects on participation were observed. Individuals with higher general SE and PIL perceive less participation restrictions. General SE seems an appropriate target to enhance participation. Longitudinal studies are needed to support our findings.
Authors: Claudio Peter; Rachel Müller; Alarcos Cieza; Marcel W M Post; Christel M C van Leeuwen; Christina S Werner; Szilvia Geyh Journal: Qual Life Res Date: 2014-06-01 Impact factor: 4.147
Authors: E Littooij; C J W Leget; J M Stolwijk-Swüste; S Doodeman; G A M Widdershoven; J Dekker Journal: Spinal Cord Date: 2016-04-19 Impact factor: 2.772
Authors: Chantal F Hillebregt; Eline W M Scholten; Marjolijn Ketelaar; Marcel W M Post; Johanna M A Visser-Meily Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-03-08 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Lizanne Eva van den Akker; Heleen Beckerman; Emma Hubertine Collette; Gijs Bleijenberg; Joost Dekker; Hans Knoop; Vincent de Groot Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2016-07-02