Eva Alisic1, Alyson K Zalta, Floryt van Wesel, Sadie E Larsen, Gertrud S Hafstad, Katayun Hassanpour, Geert E Smid. 1. Eva Alisic, PhD, Monash Injury Research Institute, Monash University, Monash, Australia, and University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Alyson K. Zalta, PhD, Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Floryt van Wesel, PhD, Department of Educational Neuroscience, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Sadie E. Larsen, PhD, Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Gertrud S. Hafstad, PhD, Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies, Oslo, Norway; Katayun Hassanpour, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland; Geert E. Smid, MD, PhD, Foundation Centrum '45, Arq Research Program, Diemen, The Netherlands.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is unclear how many children and adolescents develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma. AIMS: To determine the incidence of PTSD in trauma-exposed children and adolescents as assessed with well-established diagnostic interviews and to examine potential moderators of the estimate. METHOD: A systematic literature search identified 72 peer-reviewed articles on 43 independent samples (n = 3563). Samples consisting only of participants seeking or receiving mental health treatment were excluded. Main analyses involved pooled incidence estimates and meta-analyses of variance. RESULTS: The overall rate of PTSD was 15.9% (95% CI 11.5-21.5), which varied according to the type of trauma and gender. Least at risk were boys exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (8.4%, 95% CI 4.7-14.5), whereas girls exposed to interpersonal trauma showed the highest rate (32.9%, 95% CI 19.8-49.3). No significant difference was found for the choice of assessment interview or the informant of the assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Research conducted with the best available assessment instruments shows that a significant minority of children and adolescents develop PTSD after trauma exposure, with those exposed to interpersonal trauma and girls at particular risk. The estimates provide a benchmark for DSM-5 and ICD-11.
BACKGROUND: It is unclear how many children and adolescents develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma. AIMS: To determine the incidence of PTSD in trauma-exposed children and adolescents as assessed with well-established diagnostic interviews and to examine potential moderators of the estimate. METHOD: A systematic literature search identified 72 peer-reviewed articles on 43 independent samples (n = 3563). Samples consisting only of participants seeking or receiving mental health treatment were excluded. Main analyses involved pooled incidence estimates and meta-analyses of variance. RESULTS: The overall rate of PTSD was 15.9% (95% CI 11.5-21.5), which varied according to the type of trauma and gender. Least at risk were boys exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (8.4%, 95% CI 4.7-14.5), whereas girls exposed to interpersonal trauma showed the highest rate (32.9%, 95% CI 19.8-49.3). No significant difference was found for the choice of assessment interview or the informant of the assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Research conducted with the best available assessment instruments shows that a significant minority of children and adolescents develop PTSD after trauma exposure, with those exposed to interpersonal trauma and girls at particular risk. The estimates provide a benchmark for DSM-5 and ICD-11.
Authors: Elizabeth J Schilpzand; Emma Sciberras; Eva Alisic; Daryl Efron; Philip Hazell; Brad Jongeling; Vicki Anderson; Jan M Nicholson Journal: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2017-10-30 Impact factor: 4.785
Authors: Brittany N Rudd; Briana S Last; Courtney Gregor; Kamilah Jackson; Steven Berkowitz; Arturo Zinny; Hilary E Kratz; Lauren Cliggitt; Danielle R Adams; Lucia M Walsh; Rinad S Beidas Journal: Am J Community Psychol Date: 2019-08-20
Authors: Anne E Rhodes; Michael H Boyle; Jeffrey A Bridge; Mark Sinyor; Paul S Links; Lil Tonmyr; Robin Skinner; Jennifer M Bethell; Corine Carlisle; Sarah Goodday; Travis Salway Hottes; Amanda Newton; Kathryn Bennett; Purnima Sundar; Amy H Cheung; Peter Szatmari Journal: World J Psychiatry Date: 2014-12-22