Natalia Jaworska1,2,3, Frank P MacMaster1,4,2,3, Xiao-Ru Yang1, Allegra Courtright1,2,3, Sarah Pradhan1, Ismael Gaxiola5, Filomeno Cortese5, Bradley Goodyear1,6,2,5, Rajamannar Ramasubbu1,6,2,5. 1. Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. 2. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada. 3. Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada. 4. Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. 5. Seaman Family Centre, Calgary, Canada. 6. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Abstract
AIM: Major depressive disorder (MDD) onset during childhood/adolescence is associated with a greater illness burden and distinct clinical profile. However, limited research exists on the effect of age of MDD onset on volumetric abnormalities in para/limbic structures during adulthood. METHODS: Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), hippocampus and caudate nucleus volumes were measured by manual tracing in depressed individuals (n = 45) and healthy controls (HC; n = 19). Volumetric comparisons were carried out between HC and MDD patients divided into those with pediatric (≤ 18 years; n = 17) and adult onset (≥ 19 years; n = 28). RESULTS: The adult MDD-onset group had smaller sgACC volumes than the pediatric-onset and HC groups (age, sex controlled). No differences in caudate and hippocampus volumes existed. sgACC and hippocampal volumes were inversely correlated with depression severity. CONCLUSIONS: Surprisingly, pediatric MDD-onset was not associated with more pronounced sgACC, hippocampus and caudate volume reductions. Nevertheless, age of illness onset appears to be a meaningful dimension of study in efforts to understand the neurobiological heterogeneity of MDD.
AIM: Major depressive disorder (MDD) onset during childhood/adolescence is associated with a greater illness burden and distinct clinical profile. However, limited research exists on the effect of age of MDD onset on volumetric abnormalities in para/limbic structures during adulthood. METHODS: Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), hippocampus and caudate nucleus volumes were measured by manual tracing in depressed individuals (n = 45) and healthy controls (HC; n = 19). Volumetric comparisons were carried out between HC and MDDpatients divided into those with pediatric (≤ 18 years; n = 17) and adult onset (≥ 19 years; n = 28). RESULTS: The adult MDD-onset group had smaller sgACC volumes than the pediatric-onset and HC groups (age, sex controlled). No differences in caudate and hippocampus volumes existed. sgACC and hippocampal volumes were inversely correlated with depression severity. CONCLUSIONS: Surprisingly, pediatric MDD-onset was not associated with more pronounced sgACC, hippocampus and caudate volume reductions. Nevertheless, age of illness onset appears to be a meaningful dimension of study in efforts to understand the neurobiological heterogeneity of MDD.
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