Murat Topdag1, Mete Iseri, Deniz Ozlem Topdag, Sibel Kokturk, Murat Ozturk, Pervin Iseri. 1. *Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Kocaeli; †Ordu University Medical Faculty, Histology Department, Ordu; and ‡Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Neurology Department, Kocaeli, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether etanercept, a TNF-α antagonist, is an alternative and effective treatment on facial nerve after crush injury. METHOD: Fifty-four rats underwent exposure of the left main trunk of the facial nerve followed by a standard crush injury. Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, methylprednisolone-treated group, and etanercept-treated group. All these groups were divided into 2 subgroups; animals were sacrificed on the 4th day after facial crush injury in the first subgroup and on the 28th day in the second subgroup. Functional recovery of vibrissae movement, eye blink reflex, and vibrissae orientation was measured on a 3-point scale (1 = no recovery, 2 = partial recovery, and 3 = complete recovery) during the recovery process. Facial nerve, from the main trunk at the stylomastoid foramen to the zygomatic, buccal, and marginal branches, were dissected and postfixed in the same fixative. The paraffin sections were studied with macrophage marker, GAP-43 and T Cell Marker. RESULTS: Animals receiving etanercept demonstrated significantly better functional recovery compared with control and methylprednisolone-treated animals. The etanercept-treated group showed highest GAP-43 immunoreactivity in the nerves. After the macrophage marker and T cell marker staining, the etanercept and methylprednisolone groups demonstrated statistically significant difference compared with the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates accelerated functional recovery associated with etanercept treatment after facial nerve crush injury in rats.
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether etanercept, a TNF-α antagonist, is an alternative and effective treatment on facial nerve after crush injury. METHOD: Fifty-four rats underwent exposure of the left main trunk of the facial nerve followed by a standard crush injury. Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, methylprednisolone-treated group, and etanercept-treated group. All these groups were divided into 2 subgroups; animals were sacrificed on the 4th day after facial crush injury in the first subgroup and on the 28th day in the second subgroup. Functional recovery of vibrissae movement, eye blink reflex, and vibrissae orientation was measured on a 3-point scale (1 = no recovery, 2 = partial recovery, and 3 = complete recovery) during the recovery process. Facial nerve, from the main trunk at the stylomastoid foramen to the zygomatic, buccal, and marginal branches, were dissected and postfixed in the same fixative. The paraffin sections were studied with macrophage marker, GAP-43 and T Cell Marker. RESULTS: Animals receiving etanercept demonstrated significantly better functional recovery compared with control and methylprednisolone-treated animals. The etanercept-treated group showed highest GAP-43 immunoreactivity in the nerves. After the macrophage marker and T cell marker staining, the etanercept and methylprednisolone groups demonstrated statistically significant difference compared with the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates accelerated functional recovery associated with etanercept treatment after facial nerve crush injury in rats.
Authors: Brian C Tse; Galina Dvoriantchikova; Wensi Tao; Ryan A Gallo; John Y Lee; Steven Pappas; Roberta Brambilla; Dmitry Ivanov; David T Tse; Daniel Pelaez Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2018-06-01 Impact factor: 4.799
Authors: Roberto Alejandro Cruz; Nick Hogan; Jayne Sconzert; Megan Sconzert; Eugene O Major; Robert P Lisak; Esther Melamed; Thomas C Varkey; Ethan Meltzer; Andrew Goodman; Oleg Komogortsev; Matthew S Parsons; Kathleen Costello; Jennifer S Graves; Scott Newsome; Scott S Zamvil; Elliot M Frohman; Teresa C Frohman Journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Date: 2020-12-15