Benjamin A Steinberg1, Sunghee Kim2, Gregg C Fonarow3, Laine Thomas2, Jack Ansell4, Peter R Kowey5, Kenneth W Mahaffey6, Bernard J Gersh7, Elaine Hylek8, Gerald Naccarelli9, Alan S Go10, James Reiffel11, Paul Chang12, Eric D Peterson13, Jonathan P Piccini13. 1. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC. Electronic address: benjamin.steinberg@duke.edu. 2. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC. 3. UCLA Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address: GFonarow@mednet.ucla.edu. 4. New York University School of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY. Electronic address: ansellje@gmail.com. 5. Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA. Electronic address: KoweyP@mlhs.org. 6. Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA. Electronic address: Kenneth.mahaffey@stanford.edu. 7. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Electronic address: gersh.bernard@mayo.edu. 8. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Electronic address: Elaine.Hylek@bmc.org. 9. Penn State University School of Medicine, Hershey, PA. Electronic address: gnaccarelli@hmc.psu.edu. 10. Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA. Electronic address: alan.s.go@kp.org. 11. Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY. Electronic address: jar2@columbia.edu. 12. Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Raritan, NJ. Electronic address: PChang9@its.jnj.com. 13. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and contributes significantly to health care expenditures. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of hospitalization in patients with AF. METHODS: The ORBIT-AF registry is a prospective, observational study of outpatients with AF enrolled from June 29, 2010, to August 9, 2011. The current analysis included 9,484 participants with 1-year follow-up. Multivariable, logistic regression was used to identify baseline characteristics that were associated with first cause-specific hospitalization. RESULTS: Overall, 31% of patients with AF studied (n = 2,963) had 1 or more hospitalizations per year and 10% (n = 983) had 2 or more. The most common hospitalization cause was cardiovascular (20 per 100 patient-years vs 3.3 bleeding vs 17 noncardiovascular, nonbleeding). Compared with those not hospitalized, hospitalized patients were more likely to have concomitant heart failure (42% vs 28%, P < .0001), higher mean CHADS2 (1 point for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75, or diabetes; 2 points for prior stroke or transient ischemic attack) scores (2.5 vs 2.2, P < .0001), and more symptoms (baseline European Heart Rhythm Association class severe symptoms 18% vs 13%, P < .0001). In multivariable analysis, heart failure (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.57 for New York Heart Association III/IV vs none, P < .0001), heart rate at baseline (adjusted HR 1.11 per 10-beats/min increase >66, P < .0001), and AF symptom class (adjusted HR 1.37 for European Heart Rhythm Association severe vs none, P < .0001) were the major predictors of incident hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization is common in outpatients with AF and is independently predicted by heart failure and AF symptoms. Improved symptom control, rate control, and comorbid condition management should be evaluated as strategies to reduce health care use in these patients.
BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and contributes significantly to health care expenditures. We sought to assess the frequency and predictors of hospitalization in patients with AF. METHODS: The ORBIT-AF registry is a prospective, observational study of outpatients with AF enrolled from June 29, 2010, to August 9, 2011. The current analysis included 9,484 participants with 1-year follow-up. Multivariable, logistic regression was used to identify baseline characteristics that were associated with first cause-specific hospitalization. RESULTS: Overall, 31% of patients with AF studied (n = 2,963) had 1 or more hospitalizations per year and 10% (n = 983) had 2 or more. The most common hospitalization cause was cardiovascular (20 per 100 patient-years vs 3.3 bleeding vs 17 noncardiovascular, nonbleeding). Compared with those not hospitalized, hospitalized patients were more likely to have concomitant heart failure (42% vs 28%, P < .0001), higher mean CHADS2 (1 point for congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75, or diabetes; 2 points for prior stroke or transient ischemic attack) scores (2.5 vs 2.2, P < .0001), and more symptoms (baseline European Heart Rhythm Association class severe symptoms 18% vs 13%, P < .0001). In multivariable analysis, heart failure (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.57 for New York Heart Association III/IV vs none, P < .0001), heart rate at baseline (adjusted HR 1.11 per 10-beats/min increase >66, P < .0001), and AF symptom class (adjusted HR 1.37 for European Heart Rhythm Association severe vs none, P < .0001) were the major predictors of incident hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalization is common in outpatients with AF and is independently predicted by heart failure and AF symptoms. Improved symptom control, rate control, and comorbid condition management should be evaluated as strategies to reduce health care use in these patients.
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