[Syncope from the viewpoint of a neurologist].

Syncope is a pathogenetically diverse syndrome that often requires an interdisciplinary investigation. In addition to cardiovascular reasons of syncope neurological diseases and differential diagnoses have to be considered. In particular, neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease or polyneuropathy may cause orthostatic intolerance and syncope due to a malfunction of autonomic reflexes. Furthermore, important differential diagnoses of syncope, such as epilepsy, drop attacks or circulatory disorders in the territory of the basilar artery are attributed to the neurological field.