Enrico Ruffini1, Frank Detterbeck, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Gaetano Rocco, Pascal Thomas, Walter Weder, Alessandro Brunelli, Francesco Guerrera, Shaf Keshavjee, Nasser Altorki, Jan Schützner, Alex Arame, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Eric Lim, Alper Toker, Federico Venuta. 1. *Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; †Section of Thoracic Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut; ‡Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; §Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, Naples, Italy; ‖Department of Thoracic Surgery, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; ¶Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; #Division of Thoracic Surgery, St. Jame's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom; **Department of Thoracic Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ††Department of Thoracic Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York; ‡‡3rd Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic; §§Department of thoracic surgery, Hopital Europeen Georges-Pompidou and Hopital Laennec, Paris, France; ‖‖Department of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy; ¶¶Department of Thoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust and National Heart and Lung Division, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; ##Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey; ***Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Rome SAPIENZA, Policlinico Umberto I, Fondazione Eleonora Lorilard Spencer Cenci, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Thymic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive thymic neoplasm. The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons developed a retrospective database collecting patients undergoing resection for thymic tumors from 1990 to 2010. METHODS: Of 2265 patients with thymic tumors, there were 229 thymic carcinomas. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed including age, associated paraneoplastic diseases, stage (Masaoka-Koga), World Health Organization histologic subtypes, type of resection (total/subtotal/biopsy/no resection), tumor size, pre/postoperative treatments, and recurrence. Outcome measures included overall survival (OS), freedom from recurrence, and cumulative incidence of recurrence. RESULTS: A complete resection was achieved in 140 patients (69%). Recurrence occurred in 54 patients (28%). Five- and 10-year OS rates were 0.61 and 0.37. Five- and 10-year freedom from recurrence rates were 0.60 and 0.43. Cumulative incidence of recurrence was 0.21 (3 yr), 0.27 (5 yr), and 0.32 (10 yr). Survival was better after surgical resection versus biopsy/no resection (p < 0.001), after complete resection versus subtotal resection (p < 0.001), and when using Masaoka-Koga system (stages I-II versus III versus IV) (p < 0.001). The use of multidisciplinary treatments resulted in a survival advantage which was significant in the surgery + radiotherapy group (p = 0.02). Incomplete resection (p < 0.0001) and advanced stage (Masaoka-Koga III-IV) (p = 0.02) had a negative impact on OS at multivariable analysis. Administration of adjuvant radiotherapy was beneficial in increasing OS (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study indicate that patients with thymic carcinoma should undertake surgical resection whenever possible; a complete resection and early Masaoka-Koga stage are independent predictors of improved survival; our results also suggest that postoperative radiotherapy is beneficial in improving survival.
INTRODUCTION:Thymic carcinoma is a rare and aggressive thymic neoplasm. The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons developed a retrospective database collecting patients undergoing resection for thymic tumors from 1990 to 2010. METHODS: Of 2265 patients with thymic tumors, there were 229 thymic carcinomas. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed including age, associated paraneoplastic diseases, stage (Masaoka-Koga), World Health Organization histologic subtypes, type of resection (total/subtotal/biopsy/no resection), tumor size, pre/postoperative treatments, and recurrence. Outcome measures included overall survival (OS), freedom from recurrence, and cumulative incidence of recurrence. RESULTS: A complete resection was achieved in 140 patients (69%). Recurrence occurred in 54 patients (28%). Five- and 10-year OS rates were 0.61 and 0.37. Five- and 10-year freedom from recurrence rates were 0.60 and 0.43. Cumulative incidence of recurrence was 0.21 (3 yr), 0.27 (5 yr), and 0.32 (10 yr). Survival was better after surgical resection versus biopsy/no resection (p < 0.001), after complete resection versus subtotal resection (p < 0.001), and when using Masaoka-Koga system (stages I-II versus III versus IV) (p < 0.001). The use of multidisciplinary treatments resulted in a survival advantage which was significant in the surgery + radiotherapy group (p = 0.02). Incomplete resection (p < 0.0001) and advanced stage (Masaoka-Koga III-IV) (p = 0.02) had a negative impact on OS at multivariable analysis. Administration of adjuvant radiotherapy was beneficial in increasing OS (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study indicate that patients with thymic carcinoma should undertake surgical resection whenever possible; a complete resection and early Masaoka-Koga stage are independent predictors of improved survival; our results also suggest that postoperative radiotherapy is beneficial in improving survival.
Authors: Anya M Litvak; Kaitlin Woo; Sara Hayes; James Huang; Andreas Rimner; Camelia S Sima; Andre L Moreira; Maria Tsukazan; Gregory J Riely Journal: J Thorac Oncol Date: 2014-12 Impact factor: 15.609
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Authors: Annemarie Shepherd; Gregory Riely; Frank Detterbeck; Charles B Simone; Usman Ahmad; James Huang; Robert Korst; Arun Rajan; Andreas Rimner Journal: J Thorac Oncol Date: 2016-11-19 Impact factor: 15.609
Authors: Andreas Rimner; Xiaopan Yao; James Huang; Alberto Antonicelli; Usman Ahmad; Robert J Korst; Frank Detterbeck; Daniel R Gomez Journal: J Thorac Oncol Date: 2016-06-23 Impact factor: 15.609