Byunghee Yoo1, Marytheresa A Ifediba, Subrata Ghosh, Zdravka Medarova, Anna Moore. 1. Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Building 75, 13th Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is one of the major obstacles in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this study, we attempted to modulate tumor response to chemotherapy by combination treatment that included experimental (small interference RNA (siRNA), chlorotoxin) and conventional (temozolomide, TMZ) therapeutics. PROCEDURES: siRNA therapy was used to silence O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), a key factor in brain tumor resistance to TMZ. For targeting of tumor cells, we used chlorotoxin (CTX), a peptide with antitumoral properties. siRNA and CTX were conjugated to iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) that served as the drug carrier and allowed the means to monitor the changes in tumor volume by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: Theranostic nanoparticles (termed CTX-NP-siMGMT) were internalized by T98G glioblastoma cells in vitro leading to enhancement of TMZ toxicity. Combination treatment of mice bearing orthotopic tumors with CTX-NP-siMGMT and TMZ led to significant retardation of tumor growth, which was monitored by MRI. CONCLUSIONS: While our results demonstrate that siRNA delivery by targeted nanoparticles resulted in modulating tumor response to chemotherapy in GBM, they also point to a significant contribution of CTX to tumor cell death.
PURPOSE:Tumor resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is one of the major obstacles in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this study, we attempted to modulate tumor response to chemotherapy by combination treatment that included experimental (small interference RNA (siRNA), chlorotoxin) and conventional (temozolomide, TMZ) therapeutics. PROCEDURES: siRNA therapy was used to silence O(6)-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT), a key factor in brain tumor resistance to TMZ. For targeting of tumor cells, we used chlorotoxin (CTX), a peptide with antitumoral properties. siRNA and CTX were conjugated to iron oxide nanoparticles (NP) that served as the drug carrier and allowed the means to monitor the changes in tumor volume by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). RESULTS: Theranostic nanoparticles (termed CTX-NP-siMGMT) were internalized by T98G glioblastoma cells in vitro leading to enhancement of TMZtoxicity. Combination treatment of mice bearing orthotopic tumors with CTX-NP-siMGMT and TMZ led to significant retardation of tumor growth, which was monitored by MRI. CONCLUSIONS: While our results demonstrate that siRNA delivery by targeted nanoparticles resulted in modulating tumor response to chemotherapy in GBM, they also point to a significant contribution of CTX to tumor cell death.
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