Stefan Priebe1, Serif Omer, Domenico Giacco, Mike Slade. 1. Stefan Priebe, FRCPsych, Serif Omer, BSc, Domenico Giacco, MD, Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, Barts' and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary College, University of London; Mike Slade, PhD, PsychD, Health Service and Population Research Department, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Like other medical specialties, psychiatry has traditionally sought to develop treatments targeted at ameliorating a deficit of the patient. However, there are different therapeutic models that focus on utilising patients' personal and social resources instead of ameliorating presumed deficits. A synopsis of such models might help to guide further research and improve therapeutic interventions. AIMS: To conduct a conceptual review of resource-oriented therapeutic models in psychiatry, in order to identify their shared characteristics. METHOD: The literature was searched to identify a range of resource-oriented therapeutic models, particularly for patients with severe mental illness. Key texts for each model were analysed using a narrative approach to synthesise the concepts and their characteristics. RESULTS: Ten models were included: befriending, client-centred therapy, creative music therapy, open dialogue, peer support workers, positive psychotherapy, self-help groups, solution-focused therapy, systemic family therapy and therapeutic communities. Six types of resources were utilised: social relationships, patients' decision-making ability, experiential knowledge, patients' individual strengths, recreational activities and self-actualising tendencies. Social relationships are a key resource in all the models, including relationships with professionals, peers, friends and family. Two relationship dimensions - reciprocity and expertise - differed across the models. CONCLUSIONS: The review suggests that a range of different therapeutic models in psychiatry address resources rather than deficits. In various ways, they all utilise social relationships to induce therapeutic change. A better understanding of how social relationships affect mental health may inform the development and application of resource-oriented approaches.
BACKGROUND: Like other medical specialties, psychiatry has traditionally sought to develop treatments targeted at ameliorating a deficit of the patient. However, there are different therapeutic models that focus on utilising patients' personal and social resources instead of ameliorating presumed deficits. A synopsis of such models might help to guide further research and improve therapeutic interventions. AIMS: To conduct a conceptual review of resource-oriented therapeutic models in psychiatry, in order to identify their shared characteristics. METHOD: The literature was searched to identify a range of resource-oriented therapeutic models, particularly for patients with severe mental illness. Key texts for each model were analysed using a narrative approach to synthesise the concepts and their characteristics. RESULTS: Ten models were included: befriending, client-centred therapy, creative music therapy, open dialogue, peer support workers, positive psychotherapy, self-help groups, solution-focused therapy, systemic family therapy and therapeutic communities. Six types of resources were utilised: social relationships, patients' decision-making ability, experiential knowledge, patients' individual strengths, recreational activities and self-actualising tendencies. Social relationships are a key resource in all the models, including relationships with professionals, peers, friends and family. Two relationship dimensions - reciprocity and expertise - differed across the models. CONCLUSIONS: The review suggests that a range of different therapeutic models in psychiatry address resources rather than deficits. In various ways, they all utilise social relationships to induce therapeutic change. A better understanding of how social relationships affect mental health may inform the development and application of resource-oriented approaches.
Authors: S Rodgers; C L Vandeleur; M-P F Strippoli; E Castelao; A Tesic; J Glaus; A M Lasserre; M Müller; W Rössler; V Ajdacic-Gross; M Preisig Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2017-07-26 Impact factor: 4.328