| Literature DB >> 24676202 |
Fábio Bucaretchi1, Carla Borrasca Fernandes2, Maíra Migliari Branco2, Eduardo Mello De Capitani3, Stephen Hyslop4, Jamil Pedro S Caldas5, Carolina Araújo Moreno6, Gilda Porta7.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Severe hepatotoxicity caused by paracetamol is rare in neonates. We report a case of paracetamol-induced acute liver failure in a term neonate. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 26-day-old boy was admitted with intestinal bleeding, shock signs, slight liver enlargement, coagulopathy, metabolic acidosis (pH=7.21; bicarbonate: 7.1 mEq/L), hypoglycemia (18 mg/dL), increased serum aminotransferase activity (AST=4,039 IU/L; ALT=1,087 IU/L) and hyperbilirubinemia (total: 9.57 mg/dL; direct: 6.18 mg/dL) after receiving oral paracetamol (10 mg/kg/dose every 4 hours) for three consecutive days (total dose around 180 mg/kg; serum concentration 36-48 hours after the last dose of 77 µg/ mL). Apart from supportive measures, the patient was successfully treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine infusion during 11 consecutive days, and was discharged on day 34. The follow-up revealed full recovery of clinical and of laboratory findings of hepatic function. COMMENTS: The paracetamol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in neonates and infants differ substantially from those in older children and adults. Despite the reduced rates of metabolism by the P-450 CYP2E1 enzyme system and the increased ability to synthesize glutathione--which provides greater resistance after overdoses--, it is possible to produce hepatotoxic metabolites (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone) that cause hepatocellular damage, if glutathione sources are depleted. Paracetamol clearance is reduced and the half-life of elimination is prolonged. Therefore, a particular dosing regimen should be followed due to the toxicity risk of cumulative doses. This report highlights the risk for severe hepatotoxicity in neonates after paracetamol multiple doses for more than two to three days.Entities:
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Year: 2014 PMID: 24676202 PMCID: PMC4183003 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-05822014000100021
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Paul Pediatr ISSN: 0103-0582
Main laboratory findings during hospitalization
Principais achados laboratoriais durante a internação