PURPOSE: This study tested whether 3-4 weeks of classical "Live High-Train High" (LHTH) altitude training increases swim-specific VO2max through increased hemoglobin mass (Hbmass). METHODS: Ten swimmers lived and trained for more than 3 weeks between 2,130 and 3,094 m of altitude, and a control group of ten swimmers followed the same training at sea-level (SL). Body composition was examined using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Hbmass was determined by carbon monoxide rebreathing. Swimming VO2peak was determined and swimming trials of 4 × 50, 200 and 3,000 m were performed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: Hbmass (n = 10) was increased (P < 0.05)after altitude training by 6.2 ± 3.9 % in the LHTH group, whereas no changes were apparent in the SL group (n = 10). Swimming VO2peak was similar before and after training camps in both groups (LHTH: n = 7, SL: n = 6). Performance of 4 × 50 m at race pace was improved to a similar degree in both groups (LHTH: n = 10, SL: n = 10). Maximal speed reached in an incremental swimming step test (P = 0.051), and time to complete 3,000 m tended (P = 0.09) to be more improved after LHTH (n = 10) than SL training (n = 10). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, 3-4 weeks of classical LHTH is sufficient to increase Hbmass but exerts no effect on swimming-specific VO2peak. LHTH may improve performance more than SL training.
PURPOSE: This study tested whether 3-4 weeks of classical "Live High-Train High" (LHTH) altitude training increases swim-specific VO2max through increased hemoglobin mass (Hbmass). METHODS: Ten swimmers lived and trained for more than 3 weeks between 2,130 and 3,094 m of altitude, and a control group of ten swimmers followed the same training at sea-level (SL). Body composition was examined using dual X-ray absorptiometry. Hbmass was determined by carbon monoxide rebreathing. Swimming VO2peak was determined and swimming trials of 4 × 50, 200 and 3,000 m were performed before and after the intervention. RESULTS:Hbmass (n = 10) was increased (P < 0.05)after altitude training by 6.2 ± 3.9 % in the LHTH group, whereas no changes were apparent in the SL group (n = 10). Swimming VO2peak was similar before and after training camps in both groups (LHTH: n = 7, SL: n = 6). Performance of 4 × 50 m at race pace was improved to a similar degree in both groups (LHTH: n = 10, SL: n = 10). Maximal speed reached in an incremental swimming step test (P = 0.051), and time to complete 3,000 m tended (P = 0.09) to be more improved after LHTH (n = 10) than SL training (n = 10). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, 3-4 weeks of classical LHTH is sufficient to increase Hbmass but exerts no effect on swimming-specific VO2peak. LHTH may improve performance more than SL training.
Authors: Eileen Y Robertson; Robert J Aughey; Judith M Anson; Will G Hopkins; David B Pyne Journal: J Strength Cond Res Date: 2010-02 Impact factor: 3.775
Authors: Carsten Lundby; Gregoire P Millet; Jose A Calbet; Peter Bärtsch; Andrew W Subudhi Journal: Br J Sports Med Date: 2012-07-14 Impact factor: 13.800
Authors: Martin J Truijens; Ferran A Rodríguez; Nathan E Townsend; James Stray-Gundersen; Christopher J Gore; Benjamin D Levine Journal: J Appl Physiol (1985) Date: 2007-11-29
Authors: Benjamin J Ryan; Jesse A Goodrich; Walter F Schmidt; Ellen R Stothard; Kenneth P Wright; William C Byrnes Journal: Exp Physiol Date: 2016-03-24 Impact factor: 2.969
Authors: Avish P Sharma; Philo U Saunders; Laura A Garvican-Lewis; Julien D Périard; Brad Clark; Christopher J Gore; Benjamin P Raysmith; Jamie Stanley; Eileen Y Robertson; Kevin G Thompson Journal: J Sports Sci Med Date: 2018-11-20 Impact factor: 2.988
Authors: C A Kalva-Filho; E Z Campos; V L Andrade; Asr Silva; A M Zagatto; McS Lima; M Papoti Journal: Biol Sport Date: 2015-12-26 Impact factor: 2.806
Authors: Eduardo Z Campos; Carlos A Kalva-Filho; Ronaldo B Gobbi; Ricardo A Barbieri; Nayara P Almeida; Marcelo Papoti Journal: Front Physiol Date: 2017-10-10 Impact factor: 4.566
Authors: Anna Lukanova-Jakubowska; Katarzyna Piechota; Tomasz Grzywacz; Tadeusz Ambroży; Łukasz Rydzik; Mariusz Ozimek Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-03-23 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Francisco Hermosilla; José M González-Rave; José Antonio Del Castillo; David B Pyne Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-06-15 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Alexandros Sotiridis; Tadej Debevec; Urša Ciuha; Adam C McDonnell; Tinkara Mlinar; Joshua T Royal; Igor B Mekjavic Journal: Physiol Rep Date: 2020-02