Samira M Sadowski1, Allison B Weisbrod2, Ryan Ellis2, Dhaval Patel2, Meghna Alimchandani3, Martha Quezado3, Corina Millo4, David J Venzon5, Naris Nilubol2, W Marston Linehan6, Electron Kebebew2. 1. Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Electronic address: samira.sadowskiveuthey@nih.gov. 2. Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 3. Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 4. Positron Emission Tomography Department, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 5. Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. 6. Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The natural history of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is poorly defined. Management of patients with PNENs is challenging because there are no reliable preoperative criteria to detect malignant lesions, and the majority of resected tumors are found to be benign. The aim of this study was to determine whether 18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET) uptake predicts growth and detects malignant VHL-associated PNENs. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a prospective study of 197 patients with VHL-associated pancreatic lesions. Clinical and imaging characteristics were analyzed to study the associations between FDG-PET uptake, tumor growth, and the development of metastatic disease. RESULTS: One hundred nine of 197 patients had solid pancreatic lesions and underwent both CT and (18)FDG-PET scanning, which identified 165 and 144 lesions, respectively. Metastatic disease was detected by (18)FDG-PET in 3 patients in whom it was not detected by CT scan and suggested non-neoplastic disease in 3 patients. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) on (18)FDG-PET correlated with tumor size on CT (r = 0.47, p < 0.0001), and an increase in SUVmax was associated with tumor growth (r = 0.36, p = 0.0062). No association was seen between (18)FDG-PET uptake and age, VHL genotype, or serum chromogranin A levels. CONCLUSIONS: Scanning with FDG-PET identifies metastatic disease not detected by CT scan and avoids resection of non-PNEN lesions that have no malignant potential in patients with VHL-associated PNENs. It should be considered as a valuable functional imaging modality in the clinical management of patients with VHL-associated PNENs. Published by Elsevier Inc.
BACKGROUND: The natural history of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) in patients with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is poorly defined. Management of patients with PNENs is challenging because there are no reliable preoperative criteria to detect malignant lesions, and the majority of resected tumors are found to be benign. The aim of this study was to determine whether 18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ((18)FDG-PET) uptake predicts growth and detects malignant VHL-associated PNENs. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a prospective study of 197 patients with VHL-associated pancreatic lesions. Clinical and imaging characteristics were analyzed to study the associations between FDG-PET uptake, tumor growth, and the development of metastatic disease. RESULTS: One hundred nine of 197 patients had solid pancreatic lesions and underwent both CT and (18)FDG-PET scanning, which identified 165 and 144 lesions, respectively. Metastatic disease was detected by (18)FDG-PET in 3 patients in whom it was not detected by CT scan and suggested non-neoplastic disease in 3 patients. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) on (18)FDG-PET correlated with tumor size on CT (r = 0.47, p < 0.0001), and an increase in SUVmax was associated with tumor growth (r = 0.36, p = 0.0062). No association was seen between (18)FDG-PET uptake and age, VHL genotype, or serum chromogranin A levels. CONCLUSIONS: Scanning with FDG-PET identifies metastatic disease not detected by CT scan and avoids resection of non-PNEN lesions that have no malignant potential in patients with VHL-associated PNENs. It should be considered as a valuable functional imaging modality in the clinical management of patients with VHL-associated PNENs. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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