Transformations of X (C, O, N)-CN Bonds: Cases of Selective X (C, O, N)-C Activation.

Activation of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds has in recent decades been recognized as a valuable strategic objective. While considerable progress has been achieved, many of the more challenging issues, e.g., regioselective activation of specific C-X (C, O, N) bonds, chemoselective cleavage of C(sp3)-X bonds, enantioselective activation and even the successful application of solid catalysts in such transformations remain elusive. The research disclosed herein summarize recent advances in C-X bond cleavages, including regioselective processes, although the carbon is activated in the form of a cyano group.