Kyoung Eun Joung1, Kyung-Hee Park, Lesya Zaichenko, Ayse Sahin-Efe, Bindiya Thakkar, Mary Brinkoetter, Nicole Usher, Dorothy Warner, Cynthia R Davis, Judith A Crowell, Christos S Mantzoros. 1. Division of Newborn Medicine (K.E.J.), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (K.E.J., K.-H.P., L.Z., A.S.-E., B.T., M.B., C.S.M.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School (K.E.J., C.S.M.), Boston, Massachusetts 02215; Department of Family Medicine (K.-H.P.), Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Gyeonggi-do 431-070, Korea; Section of Endocrinology (L.Z., A.S.-E., B.T., M.B., C.S.M.), Division of Endocrinology, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 02130; Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition (A.S.-E., B.T., C.S.M.), Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118; Judge Baker Children's Center (N.U., D.W., C.R.D., J.A.C.), Boston, Massachusetts 02120; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (J.A.C.), Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York 11794.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Early-life adversity, defined as physical, emotional, or sexual abuse and neglect before 18 years of age, is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult life. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood, and whether adipomyokines are associated with early-life adversity independent of other factors such as body mass index, psychosocial risks, and health behaviors is not known. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between early-life adversity and circulating the levels of the adipomyokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and irisin and the inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP). DESIGN/SUBJECTS/ SETTING: This study was a cross-sectional study of 95 adults at a university-based research center. We collected venous blood from participants and analyzed serum for leptin, adiponectin, irisin, and CRP. RESULTS: Circulating leptin, irisin, and CRP levels were significantly higher in the highest adversity tertile group compared with low and middle tertile groups (P < .001 for leptin, P = .01 for irisin, and P = .02 for CRP). Adiponectin levels were lower in the highest tertile group compared with the low and middle tertile groups (P = .03). After adjusting for demographic variables, physical activity, diet, current mental health, and body mass index, the associations between early-life adversity leptin, irisin, and did not change. However, adiponectin and CRP levels were no longer significantly related to early life adversity. CONCLUSION: Early-life adversity is directly associated with elevated circulating leptin and irisin, and indirectly associated with elevated CRP and decreased adiponectin. These findings suggest that these adipomyokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormality in a population with significant early life adversity.
CONTEXT: Early-life adversity, defined as physical, emotional, or sexual abuse and neglect before 18 years of age, is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult life. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood, and whether adipomyokines are associated with early-life adversity independent of other factors such as body mass index, psychosocial risks, and health behaviors is not known. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between early-life adversity and circulating the levels of the adipomyokines such as leptin, adiponectin, and irisin and the inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein (CRP). DESIGN/SUBJECTS/ SETTING: This study was a cross-sectional study of 95 adults at a university-based research center. We collected venous blood from participants and analyzed serum for leptin, adiponectin, irisin, and CRP. RESULTS: Circulating leptin, irisin, and CRP levels were significantly higher in the highest adversity tertile group compared with low and middle tertile groups (P < .001 for leptin, P = .01 for irisin, and P = .02 for CRP). Adiponectin levels were lower in the highest tertile group compared with the low and middle tertile groups (P = .03). After adjusting for demographic variables, physical activity, diet, current mental health, and body mass index, the associations between early-life adversity leptin, irisin, and did not change. However, adiponectin and CRP levels were no longer significantly related to early life adversity. CONCLUSION: Early-life adversity is directly associated with elevated circulating leptin and irisin, and indirectly associated with elevated CRP and decreased adiponectin. These findings suggest that these adipomyokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormality in a population with significant early life adversity.
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