Hasan Hallaçeli1, Vedat Uruç1, Halil Hakan Uysal2, Raif Ozden1, Ciğdem Hallaçeli3, Ferhan Soyuer4, Tuba Ince Parpucu5, Erhan Yengil6, Uğur Cavlak7. 1. Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey. 2. Health Services Vocational College, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey. 3. Department of Physical Therapy, Antakya State Hospital, Hatay, Turkey. 4. Halil Bayraktar Health Services Vocational College, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. 5. School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey. 6. Department of Family Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey. 7. School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of gender and cultural habits on hip, knee and ankle range of motion (ROM) and to determine the differences between the ROM of right and left side symmetric joints of the lower extremities. METHODS: The study included 987 (513 males and 474 females) healthy volunteers. Individuals with a history of illness, prior surgery or trauma involving any joint of either lower extremity were excluded from the study. The terminology and techniques of measurements used were those suggested by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. RESULTS: Left side passive hip flexion and active internal rotation was higher than the right side. Passive flexion of the hip joint was higher in male subjects and internal and external rotation was higher in female subjects. In the knee joint, passive extension was higher in males. Plantarflexion and inversion of the ankle joint were higher in male subjects and dorsiflexion and eversion were higher in female subjects. The differences were considered insignificant in clinical terms as all were less than 3 degrees. CONCLUSION: There is no clinically significantly difference between right and left side hip, knee and ankle joints ROM. Gender and cultural habits do not appear to have clinically significantly effects on lower extremity joint ROM.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to ascertain the effect of gender and cultural habits on hip, knee and ankle range of motion (ROM) and to determine the differences between the ROM of right and left side symmetric joints of the lower extremities. METHODS: The study included 987 (513 males and 474 females) healthy volunteers. Individuals with a history of illness, prior surgery or trauma involving any joint of either lower extremity were excluded from the study. The terminology and techniques of measurements used were those suggested by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. RESULTS: Left side passive hip flexion and active internal rotation was higher than the right side. Passive flexion of the hip joint was higher in male subjects and internal and external rotation was higher in female subjects. In the knee joint, passive extension was higher in males. Plantarflexion and inversion of the ankle joint were higher in male subjects and dorsiflexion and eversion were higher in female subjects. The differences were considered insignificant in clinical terms as all were less than 3 degrees. CONCLUSION: There is no clinically significantly difference between right and left side hip, knee and ankle joints ROM. Gender and cultural habits do not appear to have clinically significantly effects on lower extremity joint ROM.
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