Usha Gungabissoon1, Kimberley Hacquoil2, Chanchal Bains1, Michael Irizarry3, George Dukes4, Russell Williamson5, Adam M Deane6, Daren K Heyland7. 1. Worldwide Epidemiology, Quantitative Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, United Kingdom. 2. Discovery Biometrics, Quantitative Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, United Kingdom. 3. Worldwide Epidemiology, Quantitative Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Durham, North Carolina, USA. 4. Academic DPU, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Durham, North Carolina, USA. 5. II MDC, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Uxbridge, United Kingdom. 6. Department of Critical Care Services, Royal Adelaide Hospital and the Discipline of Acute Care Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. 7. Department of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Clinical Evaluation Research Unit at Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Ontario, Canada dkh2@queensu.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the incidence of enteral feed intolerance and factors associated with intolerance and to assess the influence of intolerance on nutrition and clinical outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from an international observational cohort study of nutrition practices among 167 intensive care units (ICUs). Data were collected on nutrition adequacy, ventilator-free days (VFDs), ICU stay, and 60-day mortality. Intolerance was defined as interruption of enteral nutrition (EN) due to gastrointestinal (GI) reasons (large gastric residuals, abdominal distension, emesis, diarrhea, or subjective discomfort). Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for intolerance and their clinical significance. A sensitivity analysis restricted to sites specifying a gastric residual volume ≥200 mL to identify intolerance was also conducted. RESULTS: Data from 1,888 ICU patients were included. The incidence of intolerance was 30.5% and occurred after a median 3 days from EN initiation. Patients remained intolerant for a mean (±SD) duration of 1.9 ± 1.3 days . Intolerance was associated with worse nutrition adequacy vs the tolerant (56% vs 64%, P < .0001), fewer VFDs (2.5 vs 11.2, P < .0001), increased ICU stay (14.4 vs 11.3 days, P < .0001), and increased mortality (30.8% vs 26.2, P = .04). The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that intolerance remained associated with negative outcomes. Although mortality was greater among the intolerant patients, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Intolerance occurs frequently during EN in critically ill patients and is associated with poorer nutrition and clinical outcomes.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the incidence of enteral feed intolerance and factors associated with intolerance and to assess the influence of intolerance on nutrition and clinical outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from an international observational cohort study of nutrition practices among 167 intensive care units (ICUs). Data were collected on nutrition adequacy, ventilator-free days (VFDs), ICU stay, and 60-day mortality. Intolerance was defined as interruption of enteral nutrition (EN) due to gastrointestinal (GI) reasons (large gastric residuals, abdominal distension, emesis, diarrhea, or subjective discomfort). Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors for intolerance and their clinical significance. A sensitivity analysis restricted to sites specifying a gastric residual volume ≥200 mL to identify intolerance was also conducted. RESULTS: Data from 1,888 ICU patients were included. The incidence of intolerance was 30.5% and occurred after a median 3 days from EN initiation. Patients remained intolerant for a mean (±SD) duration of 1.9 ± 1.3 days . Intolerance was associated with worse nutrition adequacy vs the tolerant (56% vs 64%, P < .0001), fewer VFDs (2.5 vs 11.2, P < .0001), increased ICU stay (14.4 vs 11.3 days, P < .0001), and increased mortality (30.8% vs 26.2, P = .04). The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that intolerance remained associated with negative outcomes. Although mortality was greater among the intolerant patients, this was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Intolerance occurs frequently during EN in critically illpatients and is associated with poorer nutrition and clinical outcomes.
Authors: Stephen A McClave; Jill Gualdoni; Annie Nagengast; Luis S Marsano; Kathryn Bandy; Robert G Martindale Journal: Curr Gastroenterol Rep Date: 2020-01-07
Authors: Daren K Heyland; Arthur R H van Zanten; Teodoro Grau-Carmona; David Evans; Albertus Beishuizen; Jeroen Schouten; Oscar Hoiting; Maria Luisa Bordejé; Kenneth Krell; David J Klein; Jesus Gonzalez; Aitor Perez; Randy Brown; Joyce James; M Scott Harris Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2019-05-06 Impact factor: 41.787