Memory for between-list and within-list information in amnesic patients with temporal lobe and diencephalic lesions.

Patients with medial temporal lobe damage and diencephalic damage were compared on two tests of verbal temporal order memory: between-list discrimination and within-list discrimination. Both patient groups were impaired relative to a group of healthy control participants. In addition, despite comparable levels of item recognition, the diencephalic group was impaired relative to the medial temporal lobe group on both within-list and between-list discrimination. Temporal order memory for between-list information showed a significant correlation with a composite measure of recognition memory, and the results are discussed in terms of the patients' reliance on familiarity and distance-based processes to make temporal order judgments.