Simenoside A, a new triterpenoid saponin from Gypsophila simonii Hub.-Mor.

Saponins are amphiphilic glycoconjugates which give soap-like foams in H2 O. A new triterpenoid saponin, simenoside A (1), based on gypsogenin aglycone, and the known saponin 2 were isolated from Gypsophila simonii Hub.-Mor. The structure of the new saponin was elucidated as 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucuronopyranosylgypsogenin 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→4)]-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranosyl ester on the basis of extensive spectral analyses and chemical evidence. Saponins 1 and 2 were isolated from G. simonii for the first time.