Lei Li1, Sawitri Assanangkornchai2, Lin Duo3, Edward McNeil2, Jianhua Li4. 1. Yunnan Institute of Drug Abuse, Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, PR China; Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, 90110, Thailand. 2. Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, 90110, Thailand. 3. HIV/AIDS Asia Regional Program Yunnan Management Office, Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, PR China. 4. Yunnan Institute of Drug Abuse, Kunming, Yunnan, 650228, PR China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine has become one of the most widely used illicit substances in the world. We measured the prevalence and identified the correlates of methamphetamine use amongst current injection drug users (IDUs) in a China-Myanmar border region. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey including interviews and serological testing was conducted in 2012. Chinese IDUs who had injected within the past six months and aged ≥ 18 years were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Logistic regression indentified factors associated with current methamphetamine use. RESULTS: Among 370 IDUs recruited, prevalence of lifetime and current methamphetamine use was 84.2% and 75.2% respectively. Amongst 293 current users, 18.1% ever purchased methamphetamine from Myanmar while 8.9% ever used it there during the past 6 months. IDUs who had cross-border activities, including purchasing drugs (AOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.31) and visiting family/friends, doing business or odd jobs in Myanmar (AOR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.24) were more likely to use methamphetamine in the past six months. Other factors independently associated with current methamphetamine use included being younger (aged ≤ 25 years, AOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.41), being syphilis positive (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.33), having used previously self-used needle/syringe (AOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.34) and recently received prevention services (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.28). CONCLUSION: Methamphetamine has become another major drug of use and poses the serious concern among injecting drug users living in the China/Myanmar border region. The bi-national cooperation is urgently needed to develop targeted effective intervention strategies.
BACKGROUND:Methamphetamine has become one of the most widely used illicit substances in the world. We measured the prevalence and identified the correlates of methamphetamine use amongst current injection drug users (IDUs) in a China-Myanmar border region. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey including interviews and serological testing was conducted in 2012. Chinese IDUs who had injected within the past six months and aged ≥ 18 years were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS). Logistic regression indentified factors associated with current methamphetamine use. RESULTS: Among 370 IDUs recruited, prevalence of lifetime and current methamphetamine use was 84.2% and 75.2% respectively. Amongst 293 current users, 18.1% ever purchased methamphetamine from Myanmar while 8.9% ever used it there during the past 6 months. IDUs who had cross-border activities, including purchasing drugs (AOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.31) and visiting family/friends, doing business or odd jobs in Myanmar (AOR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.24) were more likely to use methamphetamine in the past six months. Other factors independently associated with current methamphetamine use included being younger (aged ≤ 25 years, AOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.41), being syphilis positive (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.33), having used previously self-used needle/syringe (AOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.34) and recently received prevention services (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.28). CONCLUSION:Methamphetamine has become another major drug of use and poses the serious concern among injecting drug users living in the China/Myanmar border region. The bi-national cooperation is urgently needed to develop targeted effective intervention strategies.
Authors: Danielle Horyniak; Karla D Wagner; Richard F Armenta; Jazmine Cuevas-Mota; Erik Hendrickson; Richard S Garfein Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2017-07-03
Authors: Uma Sriram; Beth L Hill; Jonathan M Cenna; Larisa Gofman; Nicole C Fernandes; Bijayesh Haldar; Raghava Potula Journal: PLoS One Date: 2016-10-19 Impact factor: 3.240