Systematic interpretation of CBCT scans: why do it?

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is being extensively used by dentists and dental specialists. Although the advantages of using this modality are enormous, with information comes responsibility. Most dental clinicians are not maxillofacial radiologists and are generally not familiar with interpretation of anatomy and pathosis in the head-and-neck area outside their immediate area of clinical interest. This leaves a larger part of extragnathic anatomy unassessed in a CBCT volume that is prescribed for specific dental diagnosis and treatment planning. This is critical because literature shows that most often, incidental findings--those that are found unrelated to immediate clinical interest--are found in the extragnathic areas. Incidental findings are abnormal findings that are unrelated to the initial purpose of the CBCT study. The failure to identify and report these findings, especially if these findings are pathological in nature, can lead to medical complications in the patient and have potential medicolegal ramifications for the dentist/specialist.