Andrea Swartzendruber1, Jessica M Sales, Jennifer L Brown, Ralph J Diclemente, Eve S Rose. 1. From the *Department of Behavioral Sciences & Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health and †Centers for AIDS Research, and ‡Division of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection associated with adverse reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes and may amplify HIV transmission. The objective was to identify correlates of incident T. vaginalis infections among African American adolescent girls. METHODS: Data were collected via audio computer-assisted self-interviews at baseline and every 6 months for 18 months from 701 African American girls (14-20 years) in an HIV prevention trial. At each assessment, self-collected vaginal swabs were assayed for T. vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Generalized estimating equations assessed associations between incident T. vaginalis infection and sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, partner-level factors, sexual risk behaviors, douching, and other sexually transmitted infections. RESULTS: Of 605 (86.3%) participants who completed at least 1 follow-up assessment, an incident T. vaginalis infection was detected among 20.0% (n = 121). Factors associated with incident infection in adjusted analysis included the following: cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.64), using alcohol on an increasing number of days in the past 3 months (AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04), acquisition of C. trachomatis (AOR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.40-3.69) or N. gonorrhoeae (AOR, 5.71; 95% CI, 2.97-11.02), and T. vaginalis infection at the previous assessment (AOR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.96-5.07). CONCLUSIONS: Incident T. vaginalis infections were common. Strategies to reduce infection rates among this population may include improving partner notification and treatment services. The benefits of rescreening, screening adolescents screened for or infected with C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae, and associations between substance use and T. vaginalis acquisition warrant further investigation.
BACKGROUND:Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common curable sexually transmitted infection associated with adverse reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes and may amplify HIV transmission. The objective was to identify correlates of incident T. vaginalis infections among African American adolescent girls. METHODS: Data were collected via audio computer-assisted self-interviews at baseline and every 6 months for 18 months from 701 African American girls (14-20 years) in an HIV prevention trial. At each assessment, self-collected vaginal swabs were assayed for T. vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Generalized estimating equations assessed associations between incident T. vaginalis infection and sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, partner-level factors, sexual risk behaviors, douching, and other sexually transmitted infections. RESULTS: Of 605 (86.3%) participants who completed at least 1 follow-up assessment, an incident T. vaginalis infection was detected among 20.0% (n = 121). Factors associated with incident infection in adjusted analysis included the following: cigarette smoking (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-2.64), using alcohol on an increasing number of days in the past 3 months (AOR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04), acquisition of C. trachomatis (AOR, 2.27; 95% CI, 1.40-3.69) or N. gonorrhoeae (AOR, 5.71; 95% CI, 2.97-11.02), and T. vaginalis infection at the previous assessment (AOR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.96-5.07). CONCLUSIONS: Incident T. vaginalis infections were common. Strategies to reduce infection rates among this population may include improving partner notification and treatment services. The benefits of rescreening, screening adolescents screened for or infected with C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae, and associations between substance use and T. vaginalis acquisition warrant further investigation.
Authors: R Crosby; R J DiClemente; G M Wingood; K Harrington; S L Davies; E W Hook; M K Oh Journal: Sex Transm Infect Date: 2002-10 Impact factor: 3.519
Authors: Richard A Crosby; Ralph J DiClemente; Gina M Wingood; Laura F Salazar; Eve Rose; David Levine; Larry Brown; Celia Lescano; David Pugatch; Timothy Flanigan; Isa Fernandez; William Schlenger; Barabra J Silver Journal: Sex Transm Dis Date: 2004-04 Impact factor: 2.830
Authors: William C Miller; Heidi Swygard; Marcia M Hobbs; Carol A Ford; Mark S Handcock; Martina Morris; John L Schmitz; Myron S Cohen; Kathleen Mullan Harris; J Richard Udry Journal: Sex Transm Dis Date: 2005-10 Impact factor: 2.830
Authors: B Van Der Pol; D V Ferrero; L Buck-Barrington; E Hook; C Lenderman; T Quinn; C A Gaydos; J Lovchik; J Schachter; J Moncada; G Hall; M J Tuohy; R B Jones Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2001-03 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Keonte J Graves; Arindam P Ghosh; Norine Schmidt; Peter Augostini; W Evan Secor; Jane R Schwebke; David H Martin; Patricia J Kissinger; Christina A Muzny Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2019-11-27 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Maria L Alcaide; Daniel J Feaster; Rui Duan; Stephanie Cohen; Chanelle Diaz; Jose G Castro; Matthew R Golden; Sarah Henn; Grant N Colfax; Lisa R Metsch Journal: Sex Transm Infect Date: 2015-06-12 Impact factor: 3.519
Authors: Andrea Swartzendruber; Jennifer L Brown; Jessica M Sales; Michael Windle; Regine Haardörfer Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2019-04-29 Impact factor: 3.913