Stephen J Greene1, Muthiah Vaduganathan2, Jane E Wilcox3, Matthew E Harinstein4, Aldo P Maggioni5, Haris Subacius3, Faiez Zannad6, Marvin A Konstam7, Ovidiu Chioncel8, Clyde W Yancy3, Karl Swedberg9, Javed Butler10, Robert O Bonow1, Mihai Gheorghiade11. 1. Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 2. Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 3. Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. 4. Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 5. ANMCO Research Center, Florence, Italy. 6. INSERM CIC 9501 and U961, Université de Lorraine, CHU Cardiology, Nancy, France. 7. The CardioVascular Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts. 8. Cardiology 1, Institut de Boli Cardiovasculare C.C. Iliescu, Bucharest, Romania. 9. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden. 10. Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. 11. Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address: m-gheorghiade@northwestern.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) in sinus rhythm. BACKGROUND: A reduction in heart rate improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and in sinus rhythm, but the association between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with HHF is presently unclear. METHODS: This post-hoc analysis of the EVEREST (Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study With Tolvaptan) trial examined 1,947 patients with HHF and EF ≤40% not in atrial fibrillation/flutter or pacemaker dependent. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 9.9 months. At baseline, patients with a higher heart rate tended to be younger with lower EF and were more likely to have worse New York Heart Association functional class and higher natriuretic peptide levels. After adjustment for clinical risk factors, baseline heart rate was not predictive of all-cause mortality (p ≥ 0.066). However, at ≥70 beats/min, every 5-beat increase in 1-week post-discharge heart rate was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.13 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.22]; p = 0.002). Similarly, every 5-beat increase ≥70 beats/min in 4-week post-discharge heart rate was predictive of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.12 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.19]; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of patients with HHF with reduced EF and in sinus rhythm, baseline heart rate did not correlate with all-cause mortality. In contrast, at ≥70 beats/min, higher heart rate in the early post-discharge period was independently predictive of death during subsequent follow-up. Further study of post-discharge heart rate as a potential therapeutic target in this high-risk population is encouraged.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction (EF) in sinus rhythm. BACKGROUND: A reduction in heart rate improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure and in sinus rhythm, but the association between heart rate and post-discharge outcomes in patients with HHF is presently unclear. METHODS: This post-hoc analysis of the EVEREST (Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure: Outcome Study With Tolvaptan) trial examined 1,947 patients with HHF and EF ≤40% not in atrial fibrillation/flutter or pacemaker dependent. RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 9.9 months. At baseline, patients with a higher heart rate tended to be younger with lower EF and were more likely to have worse New York Heart Association functional class and higher natriuretic peptide levels. After adjustment for clinical risk factors, baseline heart rate was not predictive of all-cause mortality (p ≥ 0.066). However, at ≥70 beats/min, every 5-beat increase in 1-week post-discharge heart rate was independently associated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.13 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.22]; p = 0.002). Similarly, every 5-beat increase ≥70 beats/min in 4-week post-discharge heart rate was predictive of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 1.12 [95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.19]; p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of patients with HHF with reduced EF and in sinus rhythm, baseline heart rate did not correlate with all-cause mortality. In contrast, at ≥70 beats/min, higher heart rate in the early post-discharge period was independently predictive of death during subsequent follow-up. Further study of post-discharge heart rate as a potential therapeutic target in this high-risk population is encouraged.
Authors: Muthiah Vaduganathan; Ravi B Patel; Robert J Mentz; Haris Subacius; Neal A Chatterjee; Stephen J Greene; Andrew P Ambrosy; Aldo P Maggioni; James E Udelson; Karl Swedberg; Marvin A Konstam; Christopher M O'Connor; Javed Butler; Mihai Gheorghiade; Faiez Zannad Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2018-04-11 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Paweł Balsam; Michał Peller; Sonia Borodzicz; Agnieszka Kapłon-Cieślicka; Krzysztof Ozierański; Agata Tymińska; Michał Marchel; Maria G Crespo-Leiro; Aldo Pietro Maggioni; Jarosław Drożdż; Marcin Grabowski; Krzysztof J Filipiak; Grzegorz Opolski Journal: Cardiol J Date: 2018-08-29 Impact factor: 2.737
Authors: Amanda K Verma; Jie-Lena Sun; Adrian Hernandez; John R Teerlink; Phillip J Schulte; Justin Ezekowitz; Adriaan Voors; Randall Starling; Paul Armstrong; Christopher M O'Conner; Robert J Mentz Journal: Clin Cardiol Date: 2018-07-17 Impact factor: 2.882
Authors: Adam D DeVore; Phillip J Schulte; Robert J Mentz; N Chantelle Hardy; Jacob P Kelly; Eric J Velazquez; Juan F Maya; Adrian Kielhorn; Harshali K Patel; Shelby D Reed; Adrian F Hernandez Journal: Am J Cardiol Date: 2015-12-30 Impact factor: 2.778
Authors: Kishan S Parikh; Melissa A Greiner; Takeki Suzuki; Adam D DeVore; Chad Blackshear; Joseph F Maher; Lesley H Curtis; Adrian F Hernandez; Emily C O'Brien; Robert J Mentz Journal: JAMA Cardiol Date: 2017-02-01 Impact factor: 14.676
Authors: Ovidiu Chioncel; Sean P Collins; Stephen J Greene; Peter S Pang; Andrew P Ambrosy; Elena-Laura Antohi; Muthiah Vaduganathan; Javed Butler; Mihai Gheorghiade Journal: Card Fail Rev Date: 2017-11
Authors: Phillip H Lam; Daniel J Dooley; Prakash Deedwania; Steven N Singh; Deepak L Bhatt; Charity J Morgan; Javed Butler; Selma F Mohammed; Wen-Chih Wu; Gurusher Panjrath; Michael R Zile; Michel White; Cherinne Arundel; Thomas E Love; Marc R Blackman; Richard M Allman; Wilbert S Aronow; Stefan D Anker; Gregg C Fonarow; Ali Ahmed Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2017-10-10 Impact factor: 24.094