N R Romanow1, B E Hagel2, J Williamson3, B H Rowe4. 1. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 2. Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 3. Bachelor of Health Sciences Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 4. Department of Emergency Medicine and School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We examined the effect of bicycle helmet fit and position on head and facial injuries. METHODS: Cases were helmeted cyclists with a head (n=297) or facial (n=289) injury. Controls were helmeted cyclists with other injuries, excluding the neck. Participants were interviewed in seven Alberta emergency departments or by telephone; injury data were collected from charts. Missing values were imputed using chained equations and custom prediction imputation models. RESULTS: Compared with excellent helmet fit, those with poor fit had increased odds of head injury (odds ratio [OR] = 3.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-10.74). Compared with a helmet that stayed centred, those whose helmet tilted back (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.54-5.47), shifted (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.01-3.63) or came off (OR = 6.72, 95% CI: 2.86-15.82) had higher odds of head injury. A helmet that tilted back (OR = 4.81, 95% CI: 2.74-8.46), shifted (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.04-3.19) or came off (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.24-8.85) also increased the odds of facial injury. CONCLUSION: Our findings have implications for consumer and retail education programs.
INTRODUCTION: We examined the effect of bicycle helmet fit and position on head and facial injuries. METHODS: Cases were helmeted cyclists with a head (n=297) or facial (n=289) injury. Controls were helmeted cyclists with other injuries, excluding the neck. Participants were interviewed in seven Alberta emergency departments or by telephone; injury data were collected from charts. Missing values were imputed using chained equations and custom prediction imputation models. RESULTS: Compared with excellent helmet fit, those with poor fit had increased odds of head injury (odds ratio [OR] = 3.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-10.74). Compared with a helmet that stayed centred, those whose helmet tilted back (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.54-5.47), shifted (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.01-3.63) or came off (OR = 6.72, 95% CI: 2.86-15.82) had higher odds of head injury. A helmet that tilted back (OR = 4.81, 95% CI: 2.74-8.46), shifted (OR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.04-3.19) or came off (OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.24-8.85) also increased the odds of facial injury. CONCLUSION: Our findings have implications for consumer and retail education programs.
Entities:
Keywords:
bicycling; head protective devices; injuries
Authors: Alexander S D Gamble; Jessica L Bigg; Stacy Sick; Maciek Krolikowski; Declan A Patton; Brent E Hagel; Carolyn A Emery Journal: J Athl Train Date: 2021-08-01 Impact factor: 3.824
Authors: Brent E Hagel; Alison Macpherson; Andrew Howard; Pamela Fuselli; Marie-Soleil Cloutier; Meghan Winters; Sarah A Richmond; Linda Rothman; Kathy Belton; Ron Buliung; Carolyn A Emery; Guy Faulkner; Jacqueline Kennedy; Tracey Ma; Colin Macarthur; Gavin R McCormack; Greg Morrow; Alberto Nettel-Aguirre; Liz Owens; Ian Pike; Kelly Russell; Juan Torres; Donald Voaklander; Tania Embree; Tate Hubka Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2019-06-11 Impact factor: 3.295