Bruce Schlomer1, Benjamin Breyer2, Hillary Copp2, Laurence Baskin2, Michael DiSandro2. 1. Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Electronic address: bruceschlomer@gmail.com. 2. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Hypospadias is usually treated in childhood. Therefore, the natural history of untreated mild hypospadias is unknown. We hypothesized that men with untreated hypospadias, especially mild, do not have adverse outcomes. MATERIALS: Facebook was used to advertise an electronic survey to men older than 18 years. Men with untreated hypospadias identified themselves and indicated the severity of hypospadias with a series of questions. Outcomes included: Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), penile curvature and difficulty with intercourse, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Penile Perception Score (PPS), psychosexual milestones, paternity, infertility, sitting to urinate, and the CDC HRQOL-4 module. RESULTS: 736 men completed self-anatomy questions and 52 (7.1%) self-identified with untreated hypospadias. Untreated hypospadias participants reported worse SHIM (p < 0.001) and IPSS scores (p = 0.05), more ventral penile curvature (p = 0.003) and resulting difficulty with intercourse (p < 0.001), worse satisfaction with meatus (p = 0.011) and penile curvature (p = 0.048), and more sitting to urinate (p = 0.07). When stratified by mild and severe hypospadias, severe hypospadias was associated with more adverse outcomes than mild hypospadias. CONCLUSION: Men with untreated hypospadias reported worse outcomes compared with non-hypospadiac men. Mild untreated hypospadias had fewer adverse outcomes than severe hypospadias. Research is needed to determine if treatment of childhood hypospadias improves outcomes in adults, especially for mild hypospadias.
OBJECTIVE:Hypospadias is usually treated in childhood. Therefore, the natural history of untreated mild hypospadias is unknown. We hypothesized that men with untreated hypospadias, especially mild, do not have adverse outcomes. MATERIALS: Facebook was used to advertise an electronic survey to men older than 18 years. Men with untreated hypospadias identified themselves and indicated the severity of hypospadias with a series of questions. Outcomes included: Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), penile curvature and difficulty with intercourse, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Penile Perception Score (PPS), psychosexual milestones, paternity, infertility, sitting to urinate, and the CDC HRQOL-4 module. RESULTS: 736 men completed self-anatomy questions and 52 (7.1%) self-identified with untreated hypospadias. Untreated hypospadiasparticipants reported worse SHIM (p < 0.001) and IPSS scores (p = 0.05), more ventral penile curvature (p = 0.003) and resulting difficulty with intercourse (p < 0.001), worse satisfaction with meatus (p = 0.011) and penile curvature (p = 0.048), and more sitting to urinate (p = 0.07). When stratified by mild and severe hypospadias, severe hypospadias was associated with more adverse outcomes than mild hypospadias. CONCLUSION:Men with untreated hypospadias reported worse outcomes compared with non-hypospadiac men. Mild untreated hypospadias had fewer adverse outcomes than severe hypospadias. Research is needed to determine if treatment of childhood hypospadias improves outcomes in adults, especially for mild hypospadias.
Authors: A T Cockett; Y Aso; L Denis; S Khoury; M Barry; C E Carlton; D Coffey; J Fitzpatrick; K Griffiths; T Hald Journal: Prog Urol Date: 1991-12 Impact factor: 0.915
Authors: Peter R Dodds; Stephen J Batter; Dennis E Shield; Scott R Serels; Francis A Garafalo; Paul K Maloney Journal: Urology Date: 2008-02-15 Impact factor: 2.649
Authors: Louise Thornton; Philip J Batterham; Daniel B Fassnacht; Frances Kay-Lambkin; Alison L Calear; Sally Hunt Journal: Internet Interv Date: 2016-04-27