The effect of osteoarthritis on 1-year risk of ischemic heart disease following total knee arthroplasty.

To evaluate the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), we conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. We evaluated 3599 primary TKA patients and 14,396 matched control patients. We further classified all patients into those with and without osteoarthritis (OA). The incidence rate of IHD was significantly higher among the TKA patients than among the matched control patients (1.13 vs 0.69 per 1000 person-months, P<.05). However, after controlling for OA, this difference was non-significant (HR=1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-2.20, P>.05). Our study results indicate that underlying OA conditions are predominantly responsible for increased long-term risk of IHD in TKA patients.