Biological activity of Borrelia burgdorferi antigens.

OSP-A (approximately 31 kDa) and flagellins (approximately 41 kDa) are prominent antigens of Borrelia burgdorferi. Both OSP-A and flagellins are immunogenic in patients and in experimentally infected mice and hamsters, but the kinetics of antibody formation to each vary considerably between the species. The role of eluted OSP-A and flagellins in the cellular immune response, chemotaxigenesis, and cytoadherence was measured. Eluted OSP-A and flagellins stimulated the proliferation of normal and infected mouse splenocytes but only the peripheral mononuclear cells of patients. Both OSP-A and flagellins induced human neutrophil chemotaxis, but at significantly reduced levels as compared to other known chemotactic peptides. Live B. burgdorferi adhere to HEp-2 cells in culture. OSP-A and the flagellins are involved in adherence; monoclonal antibodies to determinants in these proteins partially inhibited adherence. Cytoadherence was also partially inhibited by treatment of the cells with tunicamycin and sialidase.