Mohamed H Al-Agamy1, Noha G Khalaf2, Mahmoud M Tawfick3, Atef M Shibl4, Amany El Kholy5. 1. Pharmaceutics and Microbiology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address: malagamy@ksu.edu.sa. 2. Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern Arts and Science University, Sixth of October City, Egypt. 3. Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. 4. Pharmaceutics and Microbiology Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. 5. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the prevalence of diverse Ambler class β-lactamase-encoding genes in 40 carbapenem-insensitive Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from two hospitals in Egypt during the period January-March 2012. METHODS: The resistance levels to different groups of antimicrobial agents were determined. PCR was used to detect the different Ambler class β-lactamases encoding the following genes: blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaVEB, blaPER, blaGES, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaGIM, blaNDM, blaADC, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-51, and blaOXA-58. ISAba1 and int1 were detected by PCR. RESULTS: The isolates were 100% resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime. Of the isolates, 5% were resistant to colistin, 45% to amikacin, 70% to imipenem, and 85% to ciprofloxacin. The blaADC- and blaOXA-51-like genes were detected in the entire collection. The prevalences of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 were 50%, 7.5%, and 5%, respectively. However, the prevalences of blaTEM-, blaPER-, and blaGES-like genes were 87.5%, 55%, and 27.5%, respectively. SHV, CTX-M, VEB, KPC, and MBL encoding genes were not detected. The ISAba1 was found upstream to blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, and blaADC in 85%, 80%, and 50%, respectively. Of note, 45% (18/40) of the isolates co-produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (PER and GES) and carbapenemases (OXA-23 and OXA-58). CONCLUSIONS: The blaADC-, blaTEM-, blaPER-, blaOXA-23-, and blaGES-like genes were found to be the most prevalent types of β-lactamase-encoding gene in A. baumannii collected from Egypt. A high level of carbapenem resistance is mediated by blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 32 to >256μg/ml), and a low level of carbapenem resistance is mediated by blaGES (MIC 4-16μg/ml) and by up-regulation of ISAba1-OXA-51 (MIC 1-4μg/ml). Class B MBL was not identified to play a role in carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates from Egypt.
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the prevalence of diverse Ambler class β-lactamase-encoding genes in 40 carbapenem-insensitive Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from two hospitals in Egypt during the period January-March 2012. METHODS: The resistance levels to different groups of antimicrobial agents were determined. PCR was used to detect the different Ambler class β-lactamases encoding the following genes: blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaVEB, blaPER, blaGES, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaGIM, blaNDM, blaADC, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-51, and blaOXA-58. ISAba1 and int1 were detected by PCR. RESULTS: The isolates were 100% resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, cefepime, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime. Of the isolates, 5% were resistant to colistin, 45% to amikacin, 70% to imipenem, and 85% to ciprofloxacin. The blaADC- and blaOXA-51-like genes were detected in the entire collection. The prevalences of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 were 50%, 7.5%, and 5%, respectively. However, the prevalences of blaTEM-, blaPER-, and blaGES-like genes were 87.5%, 55%, and 27.5%, respectively. SHV, CTX-M, VEB, KPC, and MBL encoding genes were not detected. The ISAba1 was found upstream to blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, and blaADC in 85%, 80%, and 50%, respectively. Of note, 45% (18/40) of the isolates co-produced extended-spectrum β-lactamases (PER and GES) and carbapenemases (OXA-23 and OXA-58). CONCLUSIONS: The blaADC-, blaTEM-, blaPER-, blaOXA-23-, and blaGES-like genes were found to be the most prevalent types of β-lactamase-encoding gene in A. baumannii collected from Egypt. A high level of carbapenem resistance is mediated by blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, and blaOXA-58 (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 32 to >256μg/ml), and a low level of carbapenem resistance is mediated by blaGES (MIC 4-16μg/ml) and by up-regulation of ISAba1-OXA-51 (MIC 1-4μg/ml). Class B MBL was not identified to play a role in carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates from Egypt.
Authors: Bartolome Moya; Isabel M Barcelo; Sachin Bhagwat; Mahesh Patel; German Bou; Krisztina M Papp-Wallace; Robert A Bonomo; Antonio Oliver Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2017-10-24 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Hosam M Zowawi; Anna L Sartor; Hanna E Sidjabat; Hanan H Balkhy; Timothy R Walsh; Sameera M Al Johani; Reem Y AlJindan; Mubarak Alfaresi; Emad Ibrahim; Amina Al-Jardani; Jameela Al Salman; Ali A Dashti; Khalid Johani; David L Paterson Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2015-01-07 Impact factor: 5.948