Noora M Scheinin1, Kristina Wikman1, Antti Jula2, Markus Perola3, Tero Vahlberg4, Johanna Rokka1, Kjell Någren5, Matti Viitanen6, Juha O Rinne7. 1. Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland. 2. National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Turku, Finland. 3. National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland. 4. Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, Finland. 5. Department of Nuclear Medicine, PET and Cyclotron Unit, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. 6. Turku City Hospital, Turku, Finland Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. 7. Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland Department of Neurology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to elucidate factors that contribute to amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brains of the seemingly healthy elderly population, and whether there is interplay between those factors. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional positron emission tomography (PET) study with the amyloid tracer 11C-PIB, in 64 cognitively healthy subjects (54-89 years). In addition to PET, magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and APOE genotyping was performed. The results were assessed with a statistical general linear model as well as with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). RESULTS: The effects of age (p < 0.001), APOE ε4 carrier status (p = 0.003), and gender (p = 0.001) on composite cortical 11C-PIB uptake were all significant. The effect of educational level was non-significant (p = 0.37). No significant interactions were found between any of the factors. Cortical 11C-PIB uptake increased, on the average, by 0.015 cortex/cerebellar cortical ratio unit, with every year of age. APOE ε4 positive subjects exhibited higher cortical 11C-PIB uptake than APOE ε4 negative subjects (unadjusted means 1.49 ± 0.34 versus 1.29 ± 0.26) and males had higher uptake than females (1.49 ± 0.39 versus 1.29 ± 0.22), irrespective of age. The results of the voxel-based (SPM) analysis were similar. In addition, SPM analysis showed that lower CERAD score was associated with higher 11C-PIB uptake in the frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Age and APOE ε4 genotype were associated with higher 11C-PIB uptake. In this sample of cognitively healthy elderly individuals, men exhibited higher 11C-PIB uptake than women. Possible gender differences in Aβ accumulation have not been addressed in detail in previous studies, and deeper evaluation in the future is warranted.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to elucidate factors that contribute to amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation in the brains of the seemingly healthy elderly population, and whether there is interplay between those factors. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional positron emission tomography (PET) study with the amyloid tracer 11C-PIB, in 64 cognitively healthy subjects (54-89 years). In addition to PET, magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and APOE genotyping was performed. The results were assessed with a statistical general linear model as well as with Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM). RESULTS: The effects of age (p < 0.001), APOE ε4 carrier status (p = 0.003), and gender (p = 0.001) on composite cortical 11C-PIB uptake were all significant. The effect of educational level was non-significant (p = 0.37). No significant interactions were found between any of the factors. Cortical 11C-PIB uptake increased, on the average, by 0.015 cortex/cerebellar cortical ratio unit, with every year of age. APOE ε4 positive subjects exhibited higher cortical 11C-PIB uptake than APOE ε4 negative subjects (unadjusted means 1.49 ± 0.34 versus 1.29 ± 0.26) and males had higher uptake than females (1.49 ± 0.39 versus 1.29 ± 0.22), irrespective of age. The results of the voxel-based (SPM) analysis were similar. In addition, SPM analysis showed that lower CERAD score was associated with higher 11C-PIB uptake in the frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Age and APOE ε4 genotype were associated with higher 11C-PIB uptake. In this sample of cognitively healthy elderly individuals, men exhibited higher 11C-PIB uptake than women. Possible gender differences in Aβ accumulation have not been addressed in detail in previous studies, and deeper evaluation in the future is warranted.
Authors: Myria Petrou; Ben A Dwamena; Bradley R Foerster; Mark P MacEachern; Nicolaas I Bohnen; Martijn Ltm Müller; Roger L Albin; Kirk A Frey Journal: Mov Disord Date: 2015-04-16 Impact factor: 10.338
Authors: Jennifer L Whitwell; Nirubol Tosakulwong; Stephen D Weigand; Jonathan Graff-Radford; Joseph R Duffy; Heather M Clark; Mary M Machulda; Hugo Botha; Rene L Utianski; Christopher G Schwarz; Matthew L Senjem; Edythe A Strand; Nilufer Ertekin-Taner; Clifford R Jack; Val J Lowe; Keith A Josephs Journal: J Alzheimers Dis Date: 2020 Impact factor: 4.472
Authors: Shruti Mishra; Tyler M Blazey; David M Holtzman; Carlos Cruchaga; Yi Su; John C Morris; Tammie L S Benzinger; Brian A Gordon Journal: Brain Date: 2018-06-01 Impact factor: 13.501
Authors: D P Devanand; Seonjoo Lee; Jennifer Manly; Howard Andrews; Nicole Schupf; Richard L Doty; Yaakov Stern; Laura B Zahodne; Elan D Louis; Richard Mayeux Journal: Neurology Date: 2014-12-03 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: Nadia Postupna; Christopher Dirk Keene; Paul K Crane; Luis F Gonzalez-Cuyar; Joshua A Sonnen; Jessica Hewitt; Samantha Rice; Kimberly Howard; Kathleen S Montine; Eric B Larson; Thomas J Montine Journal: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol Date: 2015-02 Impact factor: 3.685
Authors: Murat Bilgel; Yang An; Yun Zhou; Dean F Wong; Jerry L Prince; Luigi Ferrucci; Susan M Resnick Journal: Alzheimers Dement Date: 2015-11-14 Impact factor: 21.566
Authors: Rebecca F Gottesman; Andrea L C Schneider; Yun Zhou; Xueqi Chen; Edward Green; Naresh Gupta; David S Knopman; Akiva Mintz; Arman Rahmim; A Richey Sharrett; Lynne E Wagenknecht; Dean F Wong; Thomas H Mosley Journal: Neurology Date: 2016-07-01 Impact factor: 9.910