Caroline E Boeke1, Amy Storfer-Isser2, Susan Redline3, Elsie M Taveras4. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA ; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. 2. Statistical Research Consultants, LLC, Schaumburg, IL. 3. Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA ; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA ; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA ; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. 4. Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA ; Departments of Pediatrics and Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Poor sleep in childhood is associated with increased obesity risk, possibly by affecting appetite-regulating hormones such as leptin. We examined short- and long-term sleep duration and quality in relation to leptin in two US pediatric cohorts. DESIGN: Analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies. SETTING: Population-based. Adolescent polysomnography assessments performed in a clinical research unit. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Children in Project Viva (n = 655) and adolescents in the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study (n = 502). INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In Project Viva, mothers reported average child sleep duration annually from infancy through age 7, and we measured leptin at ages 3 and 7. In the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study, we collected self-reported sleep duration, polysomnography-derived measures of sleep quality, and fasting leptin at ages 16-19. In sex-stratified linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and adiposity, chronic curtailed sleep was associated with lower leptin at age 7 in girls; a one-unit decrease in sleep score was associated with a 0.08 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.01,0.15). The association was stronger in girls with greater adiposity (P = 0.01). Among adolescents, shorter sleep was associated with lower leptin in males; each one-hour decrease in sleep duration was associated with a 0.06 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.00, 0.11). Sleep duration was not associated with leptin at other ages. Sleep quality indices were not associated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest possible age-specific sexual dimorphism in the influence of sleep on leptin, which may partly explain inconsistencies in the literature.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Poor sleep in childhood is associated with increased obesity risk, possibly by affecting appetite-regulating hormones such as leptin. We examined short- and long-term sleep duration and quality in relation to leptin in two US pediatric cohorts. DESIGN: Analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies. SETTING: Population-based. Adolescent polysomnography assessments performed in a clinical research unit. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Children in Project Viva (n = 655) and adolescents in the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study (n = 502). INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: In Project Viva, mothers reported average child sleep duration annually from infancy through age 7, and we measured leptin at ages 3 and 7. In the Cleveland Children's Sleep & Health Study, we collected self-reported sleep duration, polysomnography-derived measures of sleep quality, and fasting leptin at ages 16-19. In sex-stratified linear regression analyses adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and adiposity, chronic curtailed sleep was associated with lower leptin at age 7 in girls; a one-unit decrease in sleep score was associated with a 0.08 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.01,0.15). The association was stronger in girls with greater adiposity (P = 0.01). Among adolescents, shorter sleep was associated with lower leptin in males; each one-hour decrease in sleep duration was associated with a 0.06 decrease in log leptin (95% CI: 0.00, 0.11). Sleep duration was not associated with leptin at other ages. Sleep quality indices were not associated with leptin. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest possible age-specific sexual dimorphism in the influence of sleep on leptin, which may partly explain inconsistencies in the literature.
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