F van Aar1, M de Moraes1, S A Morré2, J E A M van Bergen3, F R M van der Klis4, J A Land5, M A B van der Sande6, I V F van den Broek1. 1. Epidemiology & Surveillance Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. 2. Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Institute of Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands. 3. Epidemiology & Surveillance Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands STI AIDS Netherlands (SOA AIDS Nederland), Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of General Practice, AMC-UVA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Laboratory for Infectious Disease and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. 6. Epidemiology & Surveillance Department, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands Julius Centre, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) reporting rates from sexually transmitted infection clinics and general practitioners have shown a rising trend in the Netherlands. It is unknown to what extent this reflects increased CT transmission or improved case finding. To achieve more insight into the CT epidemic, we explored the CT IgG seroprevalence (a marker of past CT infection) in the general population of the Netherlands in 1996 and in 2007. METHODS: From two population-based studies in 1996 and 2007, serum samples, demographic and sexual behaviour outcomes were examined, including 1246 men and 1930 women aged 15-39 years. Serum CT IgG antibodies were analysed using the Medac CT IgG ELISA test. Multivariate logistic regression analyses explored the seroprevalence and determinants over time. RESULTS: The CT IgG seroprevalence was higher in women than in men (10% vs 6%). Among women aged 25-39 years the seroprevalence was lower in 2007 (9%) than in 1996 (14%; adjusted OR (aOR) 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8). There was no statistical evidence of a difference in seroprevalence within birth cohorts. Factors associated with seropositivity were male gender (aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.7), a self-reported history of CT infection (aOR 5.1, 95% CI 2.6 to 10.0), age 25-39 years (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.7), non-Western ethnicity (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.3) and ≥ 2 recent sexual partners (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.5). CONCLUSIONS: Between 1996 and 2007 the proportion of individuals in the general population with CT IgG antibodies was lower among women aged 25-39 years, but remained similar among younger women and men. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
OBJECTIVES:Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) reporting rates from sexually transmitted infection clinics and general practitioners have shown a rising trend in the Netherlands. It is unknown to what extent this reflects increased CT transmission or improved case finding. To achieve more insight into the CT epidemic, we explored the CT IgG seroprevalence (a marker of past CTinfection) in the general population of the Netherlands in 1996 and in 2007. METHODS: From two population-based studies in 1996 and 2007, serum samples, demographic and sexual behaviour outcomes were examined, including 1246 men and 1930 women aged 15-39 years. Serum CT IgG antibodies were analysed using the Medac CT IgG ELISA test. Multivariate logistic regression analyses explored the seroprevalence and determinants over time. RESULTS: The CT IgG seroprevalence was higher in women than in men (10% vs 6%). Among women aged 25-39 years the seroprevalence was lower in 2007 (9%) than in 1996 (14%; adjusted OR (aOR) 0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.8). There was no statistical evidence of a difference in seroprevalence within birth cohorts. Factors associated with seropositivity were male gender (aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.7), a self-reported history of CTinfection (aOR 5.1, 95% CI 2.6 to 10.0), age 25-39 years (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.7), non-Western ethnicity (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.4 to 3.3) and ≥ 2 recent sexual partners (aOR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.5). CONCLUSIONS: Between 1996 and 2007 the proportion of individuals in the general population with CT IgG antibodies was lower among women aged 25-39 years, but remained similar among younger women and men. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.
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