Imane Jroundi1, Chafiq Mahraoui2, Rachid Benmessaoud3, Cinta Moraleda3, Houssain Tligui2, Myriam Seffar2, Selma Cherif Kettani2, Badr Sououd Benjelloun2, Saad Chaacho4, Abderrahman Maaroufi5, Edward B Hayes3, Míriam J Álvarez-Martínez3, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro6, Joaquim Ruiz3, Pedro L Alonso3, Quique Bassat7. 1. Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, SpainÉcole Nationale de Santé Publique (ENSP), Ministère de la Santé, Rabat, Morocco. 2. Hôpital d'Enfants de Rabat (HER), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco. 3. Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain. 4. Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, SpainCentre Hôpitalier Universitaire (CHU) Ibn Sina, Rabat, Morocco. 5. École Nationale de Santé Publique (ENSP), Ministère de la Santé, Rabat, Morocco. 6. University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain. 7. Barcelona Centre for International Health Research (CRESIB, Hospital Clinic-Universitat de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain quique.bassat@cresib.cat.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Scarce and limited epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data are available regarding paediatric respiratory tract infections in the Kingdom of Morocco, a middle-income country in northwestern Africa. The results of hospital-based surveillance aiming at describing the aetiology and epidemiology of respiratory distress among children <5 years of age are presented. METHODS: Children admitted to the Hôpital d'Enfants de Rabat, Morocco, and meeting the World Health Organization clinical criteria for severe pneumonia were recruited over a period of 14 months and were thoroughly investigated to ascertain a definitive diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 700 children were recruited for the study. Most frequent clinical diagnoses included wheezing-related conditions (bronchitis/asthma, 46%; bronchiolitis, 15%), while typical bacterial pneumonia was infrequent (only 19% of the cases). Invasive bacterial disease detected by classical microbiology or molecular methods was also uncommon, affecting only 3.5% of the patients, and with an overall low detection of pneumococcal or Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. Conversely, coverage of respiratory viral detection in the nasopharynx was almost universal among cases (92%), with the three most frequent viruses detected being rhinovirus (53%), respiratory syncytial virus (18%) and adenovirus (17%). The overall case fatality rate (CFR) among recruited patients with a known outcome was 4.1% (28/690). CONCLUSIONS: In Morocco, the epidemiological profile of paediatric acute respiratory infections is markedly shifted towards wheezing-related diseases and thus resembles that of high-income countries. However, the high associated CFRs found in this study call for an improvement in preventive and clinical management strategies.
OBJECTIVES: Scarce and limited epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data are available regarding paediatric respiratory tract infections in the Kingdom of Morocco, a middle-income country in northwestern Africa. The results of hospital-based surveillance aiming at describing the aetiology and epidemiology of respiratory distress among children <5 years of age are presented. METHODS:Children admitted to the Hôpital d'Enfants de Rabat, Morocco, and meeting the World Health Organization clinical criteria for severe pneumonia were recruited over a period of 14 months and were thoroughly investigated to ascertain a definitive diagnosis. RESULTS: In total, 700 children were recruited for the study. Most frequent clinical diagnoses included wheezing-related conditions (bronchitis/asthma, 46%; bronchiolitis, 15%), while typical bacterial pneumonia was infrequent (only 19% of the cases). Invasive bacterial disease detected by classical microbiology or molecular methods was also uncommon, affecting only 3.5% of the patients, and with an overall low detection of pneumococcal or Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. Conversely, coverage of respiratory viral detection in the nasopharynx was almost universal among cases (92%), with the three most frequent viruses detected being rhinovirus (53%), respiratory syncytial virus (18%) and adenovirus (17%). The overall case fatality rate (CFR) among recruited patients with a known outcome was 4.1% (28/690). CONCLUSIONS: In Morocco, the epidemiological profile of paediatric acute respiratory infections is markedly shifted towards wheezing-related diseases and thus resembles that of high-income countries. However, the high associated CFRs found in this study call for an improvement in preventive and clinical management strategies.
Authors: Pui-Ying Iroh Tam; Beth K Thielen; Stephen K Obaro; Ann M Brearley; Alexander M Kaizer; Haitao Chu; Edward N Janoff Journal: Vaccine Date: 2017-03-09 Impact factor: 3.641
Authors: Jean Joel Bigna; Sebastien Kenmoe; Estelle Amandine Well; Fredy Brice N Simo; Véronique B Penlap; Astrid Vabret; Richard Njouom Journal: Data Brief Date: 2018-08-22
Authors: Alicia A Annamalay; Miguel Lanaspa; Siew-Kim Khoo; Lola Madrid; Sozinho Acácio; Guicheng Zhang; Ingrid A Laing; James Gern; Jack Goldblatt; Joelene Bizzintino; Deborah Lehmann; Peter N Le Souëf; Quique Bassat Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2016-07-26 Impact factor: 2.622
Authors: Sebastien Kenmoe; Jean Joel Bigna; Estelle Amandine Well; Fredy Brice N Simo; Véronique B Penlap; Astrid Vabret; Richard Njouom Journal: Influenza Other Respir Viruses Date: 2018-07-05 Impact factor: 4.380