Erin M Rogers1, Giovanny Casadiego Cubides2, Judith Lacy3, J Ted Gerstle2, Sari Kives3, Lisa Allen3. 1. Division of Pediatric Gynecology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: erogers@qmed.ca. 2. Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. 3. Division of Pediatric Gynecology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To characterize preoperative risk stratification with aim of identifying the accurate surgical approach of benign and malignant adnexal masses in pediatric patients. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of all cases of adnexal masses surgically managed between January 2001 and December 2006. SETTING: The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: 129 cases of 126 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent operative management of their adnexal masses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ultrasonographic characteristics (cyst size and character), surgical approach (laparoscopy vs laparotomy) and method of cyst removal (cystectomy vs oophorectomy). Data was assessed with a Fisher Exact test where appropriate (P < .05). RESULTS: Malignancies were more frequently treated by laparotomy (n = 14, 98.6%, P < .001), and benign cases by laparoscopy (n = 78, 97%, P < .001). On ultrasonography, malignant masses were more often complex (n = 16, 100%, P = .006) and ≥8 cm (n = 16, 100%, P < .001) than benign masses (≥8 cm n = 60, 53%, complex n = 76, 67%). Combining ultrasonographic measurements of ≥8 cm and complexity identified 100% of malignant masses (n = 16) and 36% of benign masses (n = 41, P < .001, PPV = 37.1, NPV = 100%). Additional imaging including CT/MRI was ordered by pediatric surgeons (n = 17, 77%) more often than pediatric gynecologists (n = 44, 41%, P = .002). Furthermore, pediatric surgeons managed adnexal masses by oophorectomy (n = 12, 55%) more often as compared to pediatric gynecologists (n = 19, 18%, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Using preoperative characteristics of complexity and ≥8 cm reduces the number of benign masses treated with laparotomy while ensuring malignant masses are managed with an open approach.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To characterize preoperative risk stratification with aim of identifying the accurate surgical approach of benign and malignant adnexal masses in pediatric patients. DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of all cases of adnexal masses surgically managed between January 2001 and December 2006. SETTING: The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. PARTICIPANTS: 129 cases of 126 pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent operative management of their adnexal masses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ultrasonographic characteristics (cyst size and character), surgical approach (laparoscopy vs laparotomy) and method of cyst removal (cystectomy vs oophorectomy). Data was assessed with a Fisher Exact test where appropriate (P < .05). RESULTS:Malignancies were more frequently treated by laparotomy (n = 14, 98.6%, P < .001), and benign cases by laparoscopy (n = 78, 97%, P < .001). On ultrasonography, malignant masses were more often complex (n = 16, 100%, P = .006) and ≥8 cm (n = 16, 100%, P < .001) than benign masses (≥8 cm n = 60, 53%, complex n = 76, 67%). Combining ultrasonographic measurements of ≥8 cm and complexity identified 100% of malignant masses (n = 16) and 36% of benign masses (n = 41, P < .001, PPV = 37.1, NPV = 100%). Additional imaging including CT/MRI was ordered by pediatric surgeons (n = 17, 77%) more often than pediatric gynecologists (n = 44, 41%, P = .002). Furthermore, pediatric surgeons managed adnexal masses by oophorectomy (n = 12, 55%) more often as compared to pediatric gynecologists (n = 19, 18%, P < .001). CONCLUSION: Using preoperative characteristics of complexity and ≥8 cm reduces the number of benign masses treated with laparotomy while ensuring malignant masses are managed with an open approach.
Authors: Lotte W E van Nimwegen; Annelies M C Mavinkurve-Groothuis; Ronald R de Krijger; Caroline C C Hulsker; Angelique J Goverde; József Zsiros; Annemieke S Littooij Journal: Eur Radiol Date: 2019-09-16 Impact factor: 5.315