O K Magnusdottir1, R Landberg2, I Gunnarsdottir1, L Cloetens3, B Akesson4, M Landin-Olsson5, F Rosqvist6, D Iggman7, U Schwab8, K-H Herzig9, M J Savolainen10, L Brader11, K Hermansen11, M Kolehmainen12, K Poutanen12, M Uusitupa13, I Thorsdottir1, U Risérus6. 1. 1] Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland [2] Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition and School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland. 2. 1] Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden [2] Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. 4. 1] Biomedical Nutrition, Pure and Applied Biochemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden [2] Department of Clinical Nutrition, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. 5. Department of Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden. 6. Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 7. 1] Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden [2] Center for Clinical Research Dalarna, Falun, Sweden. 8. 1] Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland [2] Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. 9. 1] Department of Physiology and Biocenter of Oulu, Institute of Biomedicine, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland [2] Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. 10. 1] Department of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland [2] Clinical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. 11. Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 12. 1] Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland [2] VTT, Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo and Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. 13. 1] Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland [2] Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Few studies have used biomarkers of whole-grain intake to study its relation to glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma alkylresorcinols (AR), a biomarker of whole-grain rye and wheat intake, and glucose metabolism in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). SUBJECTS/ METHODS:Participants were 30-65 years of age, with body mass index 27-40 kg/m(2) and had MetS without diabetes. Individuals were recruited through six centers in the Nordic countries and randomized to a healthy Nordic diet (ND, n=96), rich in whole-grain rye and wheat, or a control diet (n=70), for 18-24 weeks. In addition, associations between total plasma AR concentration and C17:0/C21:0 homolog ratio as an indication of the relative whole-grain rye intake, and glucose metabolism measures from oral glucose tolerance tests were investigated in pooled (ND+control) regression analyses at 18/24 weeks. RESULTS: ND did not improve glucose metabolism compared with control diet, but the AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was inversely associated with fasting insulin concentrations (P=0.002) and positively associated with the insulin sensitivityindices Matsuda ISI (P=0.026) and disposition index (P=0.022) in pooled analyses at 18/24 weeks, even after adjustment for confounders. The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was not significantly associated with insulin secretion indices. Total plasma AR concentration was not related to fasting plasma glucose or fasting insulin at 18/24 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio, an indicator of relative whole-grain rye intake, is associated with increased insulin sensitivity in a population with MetS.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: Few studies have used biomarkers of whole-grain intake to study its relation to glucose metabolism. We aimed to investigate the association between plasma alkylresorcinols (AR), a biomarker of whole-grain rye and wheat intake, and glucose metabolism in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). SUBJECTS/ METHODS:Participants were 30-65 years of age, with body mass index 27-40 kg/m(2) and had MetS without diabetes. Individuals were recruited through six centers in the Nordic countries and randomized to a healthy Nordic diet (ND, n=96), rich in whole-grain rye and wheat, or a control diet (n=70), for 18-24 weeks. In addition, associations between total plasma AR concentration and C17:0/C21:0 homolog ratio as an indication of the relative whole-grain rye intake, and glucose metabolism measures from oral glucose tolerance tests were investigated in pooled (ND+control) regression analyses at 18/24 weeks. RESULTS:ND did not improve glucose metabolism compared with control diet, but the AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was inversely associated with fasting insulin concentrations (P=0.002) and positively associated with the insulin sensitivity indices Matsuda ISI (P=0.026) and disposition index (P=0.022) in pooled analyses at 18/24 weeks, even after adjustment for confounders. The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio was not significantly associated with insulin secretion indices. Total plasma AR concentration was not related to fasting plasma glucose or fasting insulin at 18/24 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The AR C17:0/C21:0 ratio, an indicator of relative whole-grain rye intake, is associated with increased insulin sensitivity in a population with MetS.
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