Effector and regulatory T cell subsets in diabetes-associated inflammation. Is there a connection with ST2/IL-33 axis? Perspective.

Type 1 diabetes (DM1) is a chronic inflammatory disease, which when progresses leads to the development of late vascular complications. The disease involves impairments in regulatory and effector subsets of T lymphocytes, which suppress and maintain inflammatory response, respectively. ST2/IL-33 pathway is involved in T-cell-mediated immune response and might regulate the inflammatory process in several diseases. This review presents the latest research findings regarding effector and regulatory T cell subsets in the context of inflammation accompanying DM1 with particular focus on the ST2/IL-33 network and its possible association with T cell-mediated immunity.